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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three key parts of a plant? |
Leaves, roots, and stems |
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What are the three roles of stems? |
Structural support, transport nutrients and water, and defense |
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What are the three roles of roots? |
Anchor, Absorb water and nutrients, and Store food
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What are the two roles of leaves? |
Photosynthesis and gas exchange |
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What are the three types of plant tissues? |
Dermal, Vascular, and Ground |
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What is the outermost layer of cells called? |
The epidermis |
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Fuzzy protective covering |
Trichomes |
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What is the epidermis always covered with? |
A cuticle |
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Thick waxy layer of the epidermis. |
Cuticle |
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What is the purpose of the cuticle? |
To prevent water loss. |
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The tissue that acts as the protective outer layer of "skin." |
Dermal tissue |
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Tissue that supports plants and transports water |
Vascular tissue |
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What are the two types of vascular tissue? |
Xylem and phloem |
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How are vascular pipes formed? |
Cells die and leave behind "pipes." |
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What type of plant tissue produces and stores sugars, and adds physical support? |
Ground Tissue |
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What type of tissue is edible? |
Ground tissue |
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What are the three types of ground tissue? |
Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma |
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What type of ground tissue has the thickest walls? |
Sclerenchyma |
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What type of ground tissue has the thinnest walls? |
Parenchyma |
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What type of ground tissue is the most common? |
Parenchyma |
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Regions of plant growth in which cells are similar to stem cells in animals? |
Meristems |
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What are meristems that are found at the tips of roots and stems called? |
Apical meristems |
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What protects the meristems on roots as they push through the soil? |
Root caps |
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A central cylinder formed by phloem and xylem that is found in roots. |
Vascular cylinder |
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What specifically absorbs water and nutrients from the soil? |
Root hairs |
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What is the area where leaves are attached to the stem called? |
Nodes
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Buds at the nodes contain ____ that can produce new stems and leaves. |
Apical meristems |
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Plants that keep their seeds in cones and do not produce flowers. |
Gymnosperm |
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Flowering plants that keep their seeds in something besides a cone. |
Angiosperm |
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What type of angiosperm only has one cotyledon? |
Monocot |
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What type of angiosperm has two cotyledons? |
Dicot |
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What type of angiosperm has parallel veins? |
Monocot |
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What type of angiosperm has net-like veins? |
Dicot |
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What type of angiosperm has complexly arranged vascular bundles? |
Monocot |
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What type of angiosperm has vascular bundles arranged in a ring? |
Dicot |
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What type of angiosperm has fibrous roots? |
Monocot |
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What type of angiosperm has taproots? |
Dicot |
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What type of angiosperm has flower parts in multiples of three? |
Monocot |
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What type of angiosperm has flower parts in multiples of four or five? |
Dicot |
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Clusters of xylem and phloem |
Vascular bundles |
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What is any growth from ends of the plant or at apical meristems called? |
Primary growth |
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In what type of growth do plants get longer or taller? |
Primary growth |
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In what type of growth do plants get thicker? |
Secondary growth |
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What type of growth is rare in monocots? |
Secondary growth |
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Name the seven layers of a tree from outermost to innermost. |
Cork, cork cambium, phloem, vascular cambium, sapwood, and heartwood. |
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What is wood made of? |
Xylem |
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What produces xylem and phloem? |
The vascular cambium |
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What part of the wood actively transports water? |
Sapwood |
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What part of the wood no longer transports water? |
Heartwood |
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Everything outside the ____ is the bark. |
vascular cambium |
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Part of the bark that produces a protective layer of waterproof cork. |
Cork cambium |
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What is the area called where leaves attach to the stem? |
The petriole |
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Leaf ground tissue |
mesophyll |
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What type of mesophyll absorbs sunlight? |
Palisade mesophyll |
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What type of mesophyll is involved in gas exchange? |
Spongy mesophyll |
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Openings that allow gases to enter or leave the spongy mesophyll |
Stomata |
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Cells that open and close the stomata |
guard cells |
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Water evaporation through open stomata |
Transpiration |
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What protects the developing flower? |
Sepals |
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What attracts pollinators? |
Petals |
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What produces sperm? |
The anther |
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What supports the anther? |
Filament |
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The sticky landing site for pollen |
Stigma |
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What supports the stigma? |
The style |
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What transports pollen to the ovary? |
The style |
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What contains ovules? |
The ovary |
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What will eventually become the fruit? |
The ovary |
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One or more carpels |
Pistil |
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Male part of a flower |
Stamen |
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Female part of a flower |
Carpel |
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When one pollen particle contains two sperm, one that will fertilize the seed and the other that will fertilize the endosperm |
Double fertilization |
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What are the three types of asexual plant reproduction? |
Budding, cutting, and grafting |
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What is the drawback of asexual reproduction? |
Low genetic diveristy |
