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10 Cards in this Set
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Clement L. Vallandigham |
• OH politician • leader of the Copperheads • Denounced war=> 'Wicked and Cruel.' • anti-war dem who criticized lincoln • arrested and exiled to confederacy • against principles/policies of new Repub Party * He attacked the admin of Lincoln, claiming that it was destroying not only the Constitution but civil liberty as well. His actions inspired Edward Hale to write his story of Philip Nolan, The Man Without a Country, which helped stimulate devotion to the Union.
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Andrew Johnson |
• 17th POTUS, (1865-1869) • came to office as Civil War ended/lincoln assassinated • favored quick restoration of seceded states to Union • came into conflict w/ the Repub-dominated Cong, => impeachment by the HoR • opposed the 14th Amend, which gave citizenship to blacks. • Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act, restricting Johnson in firing Cabinet officials when he persisted in trying to dismiss Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, * Generally considered among the worst presidents for his opposition to federally guarantee rights for blacks and the first president to be impeached, but he was acquitted in the Senate by one vote |
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John Wilkes Boothe |
• American stage actor, Confed sympathizer, and Anti-Lincoln=> opposed the abolition of slavery. • April 14, 1865 • Booth and co-conspirators set a plan to assassinate Lincoln, William H. Seward, and Andrew Johnson, • Booth shot and killed Lincoln * Booth assassinated Lincoln in order to support and revive the Confederate cause of of continuing the act of slavery w/in the US (although War had ended 4 days earlier). The assassination was an act intended to weaken and eventually sever the continuity of the US |
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Robert E. Lee |
• commander of Confed Army of Northern VA in Civil War. • orig served as a senior military adviser to President Jefferson Davis. • repeatedly defeated larger Fed armies in VA, but his two invasions of North,Gettysburg and Appomattox,= unsuccessful • After the war, Lee supported Andrew Johnson's program of Reconst and intersectional friendship, while opposing the Rad Repub proposals to give freed slaves the vote and take the vote away from ex-Confederates. * He represented and led confed forces. His surrender ended the Civil War.
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Ulysses S. Grant |
• 18th potus (1869–1877) • ended the Civil War w/ surrender of confeds @ Appomattox (successful commander) • As prez, led the Rad Repub in their effort to eliminate confed ideals/slavery, protect black citizenship, and stop KKK • prez during the Gilded Age, a time when the econ was open to speculation/ western expansion that fueled corruption in gov't offices. • ratification of the 15th Amend • Transcontinental Railroad • Tweed, Whiskey, Indian Ring • Panic of 1873 * worked to stabilize the nation during Reconstruction. Enforced civil rights laws and fought KKK violence. encouraged passage of the Fifteenth Amendment, giving protection for blacks voting rights. |
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George B. McClellan |
• organizer of the Union Army of the Potomac • major general during the Civil War • Dem prez nominee in 1864. • raised and organized the famous Army of the Potomac Due to several military defeats and retreats away from Confederate attacks • McClellan's leadership skills during battles were questioned by President Abraham Lincoln, who eventually removed him from command, first as general-in-chief, then from the Army of the Potomac. He served as the Governor of New Jersey from 1878 to 1881. * After removed from command, McClellan =unsuccessful Democratic Party nominee opposing Lincoln in the 1864 presidential election. The effectiveness of his campaign was damaged when he renounced his party's anti-war platform, which promised to end the war and negotiate with the Confederacy. |
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William T. Sherman |
• General in Union Army (1861-1865), GA, SC • Recognized /criticized for his military “Scorched Earth” policy: Burn and destroy fields, homes, and cities to inflict misery and force the Confederate States to surrender • First “modern war” to target civilians and their property smfh • Captured GA and SC * Although his tactics were brutal, his victories were big contributions to the overall Union victory. In addition to Grant’s siege of Virginia, the Civil War was beginning to come to a close. |
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Emancipation Proclamation |
• January 1, 1863 • Lincoln • freedmen could enroll as paid military personnel, and ordered that the Executive Branch and Union Army must recognize and help maintain the freedom of ex-slaves • proclaimed the freedom of slaves in the ten states that were still in rebellion, thus applying to 3.1 million of the 4 million slaves , it did not outlaw slavery or make ex-slaves citizens. On another note, it also did not compensate the previous owners of slaves * liberated African American slaves and brought the US one step closer generating equality w/in the nation. It made the abolition of slavery the explicit goal of the Civil War, in addition to the goal of reuniting the Confederate States with the Union. |
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Copperheads |
• Led by Clement L. Vallandigham and Alexander Long, two Dem congressmen from OH -group of Democrats wanting an immediate peace settlement w/ the Confederates. • blamed abolitionists, and they demanded immediate peace and resisted draft laws. • wanted the Republicans to be removed from power • Copperheads failed to create any significant influence on the course or consequences of the Civil War, * They attracted the poor, and the merchants who had lost profitable Southern trade. Copperheads did well in local and state elections in 1862, especially in New York, and won majority votes in the legislatures of Illinois and Indiana. |
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Battle of Antietam |
• September 17, 1862 • After pursuing Confederate General Robert E. Lee into Maryland, Union Army General George B. McClellan launched attacks against Lee's army • Strategic victory for the Union, although many generals died in result of the battle • bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with a combined tally of dead, wounded, and missing at 22,717. • The Union had 12,401 casualties with 2,108 dead. • Confederate casualties were 10,318 with 1,546 dead. * The first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Union soil between the Confederate Army and the Union Army. The results of Antietam allowed Lincoln to announce the Emancipation Proclamation, shortly after this Union victory. |
