Chapter 20 Vocab

Front 1

Minor v Happerset

Back 1

Court case where Congress ruled that states have the right to keep denying women the power to vote.

Front 2

Poll Tax

Back 2

a tax paid annually so one could vote. Used to deter blacks from voting.

Front 3

Williams v Mississippi

Back 3

Court case where Congress allowed Mississippi to use literacy tests before voting.

Front 4

Literacy Test

Back 4

Test taken before voting to show that one knows the constitution. Meant to deter blacks or the poor from voting.

Front 5

Grandfather Clause

Back 5

Clause used by Louisiana that allowed the use of literacy tests. If the test is failed, the possiblity to vote is granted if grandfather voted before 1867. Deterred blacks,

Front 6

Homestead Act

Back 6

Act that granted subsidies to railroads and pushed economic growth.

Front 7

Munn v Illinois

Back 7

Court case that ruled railroads as public highways under public domain.

Front 8

Wabash Decision

Back 8

Ruled that states cannot regulate commerce outside its borders.

Front 9

ICC

Back 9

Created by Interstate Commerce Act, the commission was meant to oversee railroad activities.

Front 10

Interstate Commerce Act

Back 10

Act that created the ICC. Outlawed rebates and pooling agreements.

Front 11

Brand Allison Silver Act

Back 11

Bill that called for partial coinage of silver.

Front 12

James Blaine

Back 12

Republican nominee for the 1884 election.

Front 13

Pendleton Act

Back 13

Act that reformed the civil service.Created commission to appoint government office holders based on merit.

Front 14

McKinley Tariff Act

Back 14

Act that raised duties about 4 percent, and allowed the president to lower it if other countries did the same. Meant to promote industry.

Front 15

Sherman Antitrust Act

Back 15

Act meant to break up trusts. However, it was too vague and was subject to court interpretation. Didn't break up much trusts.

Front 16

US v EC Knight

Back 16

Supreme Court Decision that gave first judicial interpretation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Severely crippled it.

Front 17

Sherman Silver Purchase Act

Back 17

Act that ordered the Treasury to buy a certain amount of silver a month and issue bank notes for payment of it.

Front 18

Silverites

Back 18

Those who wanted the free coinage of silver. Namely Democrats.

Front 19

Billion Dollar Congress

Back 19

The Congress of 1890 that passed so many laws and acts its spending was over 1 billion dollars.

Front 20

NATIONAL FARMERS ALLIANCE AND INDUSTRIAL UNION

Back 20

Farmers who had many worries and grievances about the current state of agricultural production. Had many sectors to it.

Front 21

Ocala Demands

Back 21

Demands wanted by the farmers' alliance. Demanded a subtreasury, free silver coinage, protective tariffs, national banks, federal income tax, and election of senators by voters.

Front 22

Populist party

Back 22

Third party that promoted reform. Was basically a patchwork of many different movements and ideas. Was a split from democrats. Dissolved after the 1890's elections.

Front 23

Greenback Labor Party

Back 23

Third party of the 1880 election. the nominee they used for that election was later used for the 1892 election by the populists.

Front 24

Industrial black Friday

Back 24

The systematic selling of stocks and depletion of the treasury to the point of a market crash on a single day in 1893.

Front 25

Panic of 1893

Back 25

A year of economic crisis caused by rapid expansion brought on by industrialization.

Front 26

Coxey's Army

Back 26

A large group of people who followed Jacob Coxey to Washington to protest the government to issue the unemployed jobs.

Front 27

Pullman Strike

Back 27

A large strike where several unions refused to work and operate train cars.

Front 28

In Re Debs

Back 28

A Court case that tried Eugene Debs for the Pullman strike. Was found guilty, and allowed the use of injunction in labor disputes.

Front 29

Wilson Gorman Tariff Act

Back 29

Slightly lowered duties, raised prices on others, repealed the Mckinley Tariff's reciprocity part, and provided a small income tax.

Front 30

Romanticism vs Realism

Back 30

The last half of the 1800's saw the shift from romanticism to realism. Realism was seen as more natural, realistic, relatable, and told of conditions. Romanticism was seen as unrealistic or sentimental.

Front 31

Coin's Financial School

Back 31

A pamphlet that argued for the coinage of silver through a story of a youth telling about silver's virtues.

Front 32

William Jennings Bryan

Back 32

A man who ran for president 3 times and lost. Was a southern democrat, an avid silverite who gave the Cross of Gold speech, and a devout Christian.

Front 33

Cross of Gold Speech

Back 33

Speech by William Jennings Bryan that defended silver. Had several biblical references, and completely sent the audience into cheering and support.

Front 34

Gold Standard Act

Back 34

Act passed in 1900 that declared gold the standard of US currency.