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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Herbert Hoover
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Republican US president elected during prosperity. Believed in business cycle and did little to relieve Great Depression
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
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Democratic US president. He introduced the New Deal.
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New Deal
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Combination of recovery, relief, and reform legislation introduced by FDR during Great Depression
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John Maynard Keynes
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British economist believed idle private investment funds should be stimulated by government funds to encourage economic activity- basis of New Deal
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NRA (National Recovery Administration)
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Encouraged codes of fair competition, helped to regulate prices/production
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Social Security Act of 1935
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Provided insurance for unemployment, old-age, disability in the U.S. (existed in Western European countries before WWI)
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Civilian Conservation Corps
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Promoted conservation and reforestation, gave jobs to 3 million unemployed Americans during the Great Depression (part of New Deal)
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“Roosevelt Revolution”
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Enlarged role of government participation, created the welfare state, and established public responsibility for the well being of its people
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Fair Labor Standards Act
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Established a 40 hour work week, minimum hourly wage, and an end to child labor in the US
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The Labour Party
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Tightened in organizational structure after WWI. They promoted labor legislation and bridged the gap between trade unionists and the socialists in Great Britain
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National Labor Relations (or Wagner) Act
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Gave rights to the unions over companies in the US
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Ramsay MacDonald
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Governed as primed minister of Great Britain (1924 and 1929) w/Labour Party. Aroused suspicious w/recognition of USSR and introduced retrenchment policies after 1929
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Trades Disputes Act of 1927
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Declared all sympathy strikes illegal/forbade unions from raising political money in Great Britain
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Popular Front
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Coalition of Leftist groups- Radical Socialists, Socialists, and Communists. Pledged to protect public from fascism.
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Leon Blum
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French premier of a coalition cabinet (1936). French Socialists became the majority in the Chamber. Spoke of "French New Deal", social legislation
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Benito Mussolini
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Seized control of Italian government and introduced ideology of fascism
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Blackshirts
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Mussolini's army of followers- fought with workers and Communists in streets
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March on Rome
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Mobilization of Blackshirts, threat of coup, and martial law demanded. King of Italy failed to take action. The cabinet resigned and Mussolini became premier.
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Duce
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"Leader"- Mussolini's self proclaimed title
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Nazis
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Socialist German Workers’ party under Adolf Hitler
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Brownshirts
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similar to Mussolini's Blackshirts, but for Hitler. They were involved in the Beer Hall Putsch
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Beer Hall Putsch
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Imitation of the March on Rome. Collaborators arrested including Hitler
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Mien Kampf
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"My Struggle" (1920) written by Adolf Hitler in prison. It was a stream of personal thoughts, racism, nationalism, collectivism, theories of history, and Jewish bashing
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Wiemar Republic
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German government after WWI- weak and ineffective, seen as traders for signing Treaty of Versailles
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Third Reich
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The Nazi rule of Germany proclaimed to last 1,000 years. Lasted from 1933 to 1945 under Hitler.
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Führer
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Title taken by Hitler, claimed to represent sovereignty of the German people.
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Nuremberg Laws of 1935
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Most racist laws to be passed in Nazi Germany- took rights and citizenship from Jewish people
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Kristallnact
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When Antisemitism became violent. Claimed to be a "reaction" to the assassination of German diplomat by Polish-Jewish student.
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Gestapo
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International police organization under the Nazis
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Totalitarianism
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Coined by Mussolini- doctrine advocating the practice of absolute rule
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Adolf Hitler
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Fascist leader of Nazi Germany, fuhrer
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Lateran Accord of 1929
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Mussolini's peace with the papacy and acknowledgment of the Vatican's sovereignty
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