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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atomic Number
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A count of the number of protons in the atomic nucleus
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Isotope
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Atoms of the same element whose nuclei contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
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Law of Definite Proportions
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A law stating that elements combine in definite mass ratios to form compounds
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Law of Conservation of Mass
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A law stating that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction
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Cathode Ray Tube
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A device that emits a beam of electrons
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Neutron
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An electrically neutral subatomic particle of the atomic nucleus
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Alchemy
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A medieval endeavor concerned with turning other metals to gold
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Atomic Mass
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The number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in the atomic nucleus. Used primarily to identify isotopes.
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Mass Number
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The mass of an element's atoms, listed in the periodic table as an average value based on the relative abundance of the element's isotopes.
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Proton
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A positively charged subatomic particle of the atomic nucleus
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atomic Nucleus
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The dense, positively charged center of every atom
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electron
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An extremely small, negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the atomic nucleus
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Subatomic Particle
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Particles such as protons, neutrons, and electrons that are smaller than an atom.
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Atom
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The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of the element
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Angstrom
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A convenient, yet non-SI unit of length used to express atomic dimensions.
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Period
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A horizontal row in the periodic table
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Group
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A vertical column in the periodic table, also known as a family of elements
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Periodic Table
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A chart in which all known elements are organized by physical and chmeical properties
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Metal
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An element that is shiny, opaque, and able to conduct electricity and heat
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Nonmetal
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An element that is located toward the upper right of the periodic table
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Metalloid
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An element that exhibits some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals
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Molecule
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A group of atoms held tightly togeather by covalent bonds
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Diatomic molecule
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A molecule that contains two atoms.
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Molecular Forumla
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A chemical formula that indicates the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule of a substance.
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empirical Formula
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A chemical formula that shows the kinds of atoms that their relative numbers in a substance in the smalles possible whole-number ratios.
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Structural Formula
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A formula that shows not only the number and kinds of atoms in the lolecule but also the arrangement (connections) of the atoms.
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Cation
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Positively charged ions
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Anion
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Negatively charged ions
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Alkane
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Hydrocarbons in which each carbon atom is attached to four other atoms
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Organic Chemistry
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The study of compounds that contain carbon.
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