Chapter 2; The Chemical Basis For Life

Front 1

Matter

Back 1

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Front 2

mass

Back 2

Amount of matter doesnt involve gravity

Front 3

Weight

Back 3

Deals with gravity

Front 4

Atomic Number

Back 4

# of protons

Front 5

Atomic mass

Back 5

Protons + Neutrons

Front 6

Protons

Back 6

Positive charge

Front 7

Neitrons

Back 7

Neutral charge

Front 8

Electrons

Back 8

Negative charge

Front 9

valence shell

Back 9

Outer most shell of atom

Front 10

Ions

Back 10

an atom that gains or loses charge to become stable

Front 11

Isotopes

Back 11

Atoms with the same atomic numbers but with different mass numbers

Front 12

Molecules

Back 12

particle formed when two or more atoms chemically combine

Front 13

Compound

Back 13

particle formed when two or more atoms of different elements chemically combine

Front 14

Chemical reactions

Back 14

occur when chemical bonds form or break among atoms, ions or molecules

Front 15

Reactants

Back 15

are the starting materials of the reaction- the atoms, ions, or molecules

Front 16

Products

Back 16

are substances formed at the end of the chemical reaction

Front 17

synthesis Reaction

Back 17

more complex chemical structure is formed
A+B= AB

Front 18

Decomposition reaction

Back 18

Chemical bonds are broken to form a simpler chemical structure
AB= A+B

Front 19

Exchange reaction

Back 19

Chemical Bonds are broken and new bonds are formed
AB + CD= AD + CB

Front 20

Acid

Back 20

0-6

Front 21

Basic

Back 21

8-14

Front 22

Buffers

Back 22

act as acids when PH is high and bases when ph is low

Front 23

Hydrolysis

Back 23

Adding water with decomposition: Breaking down

Front 24

Carbohydrates

Back 24

Made up of monosacarides

Front 25

monosaccharides

Back 25

Isomers ; simple sugars; smallest carbohydrates

Front 26

Disaccharides

Back 26

two monosaccharides join together by covalent bond

Front 27

polysaccharides

Back 27

many monosaccharides bond in long chain; storage & energy

Front 28

Lipids

Back 28

Fats, waxes, oils

Front 29

Saturated

Back 29

cant fill up any more ; single bonds

Front 30

unsaturated

Back 30

can fill up at least one double bond

Front 31

Proteins

Back 31

Builds up cells

Front 32

Enzyme

Back 32

Control metabolism

Front 33

peptide

Back 33

are short chains of amino acid monomers linked by peptide bonds

Front 34

nucleic acids

Back 34

are polymeric macromolecules, or large biological molecules, essential for all known forms of life; include DNA and RNA

Front 35

nucleotides

Back 35

are organic molecules that serve as the monomers, or subunits, of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA

Front 36

DNA

Back 36

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Front 37

RNA

Back 37

Ribonucleic Acid

Front 38

ATP & ADP

Back 38

Energy