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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain how sound is produced |
Vibrations |
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Can sound travel through space? Explain. |
No, because there is no medium (air) to carry the sound waves (vibrations) to someones ear. Has to have matter to carry it |
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How can you change the speed of sound? |
Change the temp. medium, or density |
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How are pitch and frequency related? |
decrease frequency, pitch decreases and vice versa |
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How are amplitude and volume related? |
higher the amp., higher volume and vice versa |
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Define infrasonic. |
Sounds below 20hz (can't hear) frequency is low |
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Define ultrasonic. |
Sound above 20,000hz (can't hear) frequency is to high |
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Explain how the human ear works using all of these terms: pinna, ear canal, tympanic membrane, hammer, anvil, stirrup, cochlea, auditory nerve |
Sound goes into your pinna, then through your ear canal, then the sound vibrates your tympanic membrane, which vibrates the hammer, anvil, and stirrup, these vibrations cause the hair on the cochlea to sway/move, which causes the water(fluid) inside the cochlea to swish, which then sends a message to your brain through your auditory nerve |
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Explain the Doppler effect. |
Apparent change of frequency in sound caused by change in position by the thing or the person (compressions closer together, higher sound, compressions farther apart, sound lower) |
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Describe ways in which humans and animals use sound (not including to hear) |
Ultrasonography- look inside humans w/ less damage than x-rays Echolocation- animals to find food/communicate with others Sonar- see fish/ map ocean (oceanographers) (Sound Navigation And Ranging) Reflection- Echo |
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How does interference affect sound? |
Constructive- makes sound louder Destructive- makes sound quieter |
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What is the sound barrier? |
When anything travels faster than sound (ex. jet) |
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What causes a sonic boom? |
When a shock wave reaches your ear |
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Define fundamental. |
lowest resonant frequency an object can make |
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What are overtones? |
multiples of the fundamental frequency |
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Why does thunder sound different depending on your location? |
closer=higher frequency further=lower frequency |
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Describe each how each class of instruments produces a sound: woodwind, brass, percussion, and string |
woodwind- reed vibrates, air column vibrates, causes standing waves brass- lips vibrate, instrument vibrates percussion- mallet vibrates the drum head, vibrates air around and in drum string- pluck string, vibrates air |
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Explain how to change the pitch of each type of instrument. |
woodwind- press or release keys, change air column length brass- valves, change tubing length percussion- tighten or loosen drum head, change size string- loosen or tighten strings, make long or short by pressing |
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Define noise. |
any undesired sound, usually non-musical, random |
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What is noise pollution? |
a noise that is at harmful levels and can hurt ears, sensory. Animals- noises like motors disrupt animals, echolocation |
