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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Scientific Method |
is a logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, and formulating theories that are supported by data. |
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Quantitative Information |
numerical information |
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Qualitative Information |
non-numerical information |
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System |
is a specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation. |
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Hypothesis |
testable statement formed using generalizations about the data |
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Controls |
-experimental conditions that remain the same
-is an experiment or observation designed to minimize the effects of variables other than the single independent variable |
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Variable |
-any condition that changes
-any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types |
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Model |
-often an explanation of how phenomena occur and ow data or events are related
-any simplification, substitute, or stand-in for what you are actually studying or trying to predict |
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Theory |
-tested
-is a broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena |
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Quantity |
is something that has magnitude, size, or amount. |
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Measurements |
are quantitative information |
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Length (l) |
Unit name: meter (m)
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Mass (m) |
Unit name: kilogram (kg)
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Time (t) |
Unit name: second (s)
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Temperature (T) |
Unit name: kelvin (K) |
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Amount of substance (n) |
Unit name: mole (mol) |
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Electric current (I) |
Unit name: ampere (A) |
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Luminous intensity (Iv) |
Unit name: candela (cd) |
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tera (T) |
Exponential factor: 10¹² |
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giga (G) |
Exponential factor: 10⁹ |
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mega (M) |
Exponential factor: 10⁶ |
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kilo (k) |
Exponential factor: 10³ |
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hecto (h) |
Exponential factor: 10² |
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deka (da) |
Exponential factor: 10¹ |
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deci (d) |
Exponential factor: 10⁻¹ |
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centi (c) |
Exponential factor: 10⁻² |
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milli (m) |
Exponential factor: 10⁻³ |
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micro (μ) |
Exponential factor: 10⁻⁶ |
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nano (n) |
Exponential factor: 10⁻⁹ |
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pico (p) |
Exponential factor: 10⁻¹² |
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femto (f) |
Exponential factor: 10⁻¹⁵ |
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atto (a) |
Exponential factor: 10⁻¹⁸ |
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Weight |
is a measure of the gravitational pull on matter |
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Area (A) |
-Unit: square meter (m²) -length x width |
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Volume (V) |
-Unit: cubic meter (m³) -length x width x height |
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Density (D) |
-Unit: kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m³) - mass / volume
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Molar mass (M) |
-Unit: kilograms per mole (kg / mol) -mass / amount of substance |
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Molar volume (Vm) |
-Unit: cubic meters per mole (m³ / mol) -volume / amount of substance |
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Energy (E) |
-Unit: joule (J) -force x length |
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Density |
is the ratio of mass to volume, or mass divided by volume. |
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Conversion factor |
is a ratio derived from the equality between two different units that can be used to convert from one unit to the other. |
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Dimensional analysis |
is a mathematical technique that allows you to use units to solve problems involving measurements. |
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Accuracy |
refers to the closeness of measurements to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured. |
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Precision |
refers to the closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way |
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Percentage error |
calculated by subtracting the accepted value from the experimental value, dividing the difference by the accepted value, and then multiplying by 100 |
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Directly proportional |
only if dividing one by the other gives a constant value |
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Inversely proportional |
only if the product is constant |
