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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atherosclerosis |
The build-up of plaque on blood vesselwalls, making it harder for blood to get through |
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Behavioural determinants |
Actions or patterns of living of anindividual or a group that impact on health, such as smoking, sexual activity,participation in physical activity and eating practices. |
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Biological determinants |
Factors relating to the body thatimpact on health, such as genetics, hormones, body weight, blood pressure,cholesterol levels and birth weight. |
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Body mass index (BMI) |
A statistical measure of body masscalculated by dividing weight (in kg’s) by height (in m^2). A score of 20-25 isconsidered a healthy weight. Anything over 25 is considered overweight and over30 is considered obese. |
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Cholesterol |
A type of fat required for maintaining cellmembranes and producing hormones. One type of cholesterol (LDL) is a riskfactor for cardiovascular disease. |
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Conception |
The fusing of a sperm and egg cell. Marks thebeginning of pregnancy. Also known as fertilisation. |
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Determinants of health |
‘Factors that affect the level ofhealth in a population or individual. Determinants of health help to explainand predict trends in health and why some groups have better or worse healththan others.’ Determinants can be classified in many ways such as biological,behavioural and social. |
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‘Fight or flight’ response |
The body’s response topotentially threatening situations. Hormones kick into action to prepare theperson to stay and fight or run (flight). |
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Food insecurity |
When healthy, affordable food is notobtainable. |
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Food security |
‘The state in which all persons obtainnutritionally adequate, culturally appropriate, safe food regularly throughlocal non-emergency sources.’ |
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Hypertension |
High blood pressure. |
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Menopause |
When the menstrual cycle stops. |
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Mutation |
When the DNA in a cell is damaged or changed,permanently altering the genetic information within the cell. This can affectthe function of the cell in either a positive or negative way. Mutations oftenoccur during cell reproduction. |
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Physical environment |
The physical surroundings in which welive, work and play. The physical environment includes water and air,workplaces, housing, roads, nature, schools, recreation settings and exposureto hazards. |
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Protective factors |
Aspects of a person’s personality andenvironment that act to protect their health. Examples include resilience, asupportive family and a satisfying job. |
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Relative poverty |
Refers to people who have a low income orlack resources compared to the average in the society in which we live. |
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Social determinants of health |
Aspects of society and thesocial environment that impact on health, such as poverty, early lifeexperiences, social networks and support. |
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Social exclusion |
The segregation that people experience ifthey are not adequately participation in the society in which they live. |
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Social isolation |
Refers to individuals who are not inregular contact with others. |
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Socioeconomic status (SES) |
The social standing of anindividual in comparison to others in that society. It is based on education,income and occupation. |
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Tran’s fats |
Types of fat that have similar effects tosaturated fat. Found in small amounts naturally in some foods, tran’s fat areoften produced by humans in a process called hydrogenation. |
