Chapter 2 Geography Vocabulary

Front 1

hydrosphere

Back 1

Oceans, Lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water that make up part of the Earth.

Front 2

lithosphere

Back 2

Land that makes up a part of the Earth the Earths crust.

Front 3

atmosphere

Back 3

A layer of gases extending above the planes surface.

Front 4

biosphere

Back 4

The part of Earth that supports life.

Front 5

isthmus of Panama

Back 5

A narrow strip of land.

Front 6

sinai peninsula

Back 6

the human made Suez canal separates Africa and Asia

Front 7

continental shelf

Back 7

an under water extension of the coastal plain

Front 8

Mount Everest

Back 8

located in Asia it is 29,028 feet above sea level.

Front 9

Marian Trench

Back 9

a narrow, underwater canyon about 35,827 feet deep

Front 10

core

Back 10

inner core is made up of iron and nickle under enormous pressure

Front 11

mantle

Back 11

the mantle consists of silicon, aluminum, iron, magnesium, oxygen, and other elements

Front 12

crust

Back 12

a rocky shelf forming the Earths surface.

Front 13

continental drift

Back 13

continents were once joined together and slowly drifted apart

Front 14

plate tectonics

Back 14

refers to all of the physical processes that create many of the Earth's physical features.

Front 15

magma

Back 15

molten rock when it is pushed away from the mantle, and ridges are formed.

Front 16

Himalaya

Back 16

mountain ranges in south Asia were thrust upward when the landmass drifted against Eurasia

Front 17

subduction

Back 17

the heavier sea plate dives beneath the lighter continental plate

Front 18

accretion

Back 18

pieces of Earth's crust slowly come together as the plate slides under the continental plate

Front 19

spreading

Back 19

the resulting rift, or deep crack, allows magma from within the Earth to well between plates.

Front 20

folds

Back 20

or bends, in layers of a rock

Front 21

faults

Back 21

plates may grind or slide past each other, creating cracks in the Earth's crust

Front 22

San Andreas Fault

Back 22

one of the famous faults it is located in California

Front 23

faulting

Back 23

occurs when a flooded land cannot be bent anymore

Front 24

Kobe

Back 24

located on the ring of fire

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San Francisco

Back 25

located in the ring of fire

Front 26

moraines

Back 26

large piles of rocks and debris left behind by glaciers

Front 27

glaciers

Back 27

large bodies of ice that move across the Earth's surface

Front 28

ring of fire

Back 28

one of the most earthquake- prone areas on the planet

Front 29

Greenland

Back 29

sheet glaciers cover most of Greenland. sheet glaciers are flat, broad sheets of ice.

Front 30

Antarctica

Back 30

covered with sheet glaciers.

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