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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A substance that cannot be broken down or decomposed into two or more different substances is called an __________.
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element
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The most abundant element essential to life is __________.
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carbon
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The atomic number tells you the __________.
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number of protons in the nucleus
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An element that contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons is called an __________.
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isotope
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A force holding two atoms together is a __________.
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chemical bond
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A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between the outer shells of two atoms is called a __________ bond.
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covalent
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The water molecule has two distinct ends, each with a partial electrical charge. Because of this structure, water is said to be:
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polar
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Acids release __________.
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hydrogen ions
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As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH goes _________, and the solution becomes more __________.
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down; acidic
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The carbon -containing molecules formed by living things are often called _________.
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organic molecules
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Any large molecule made up of many identical small molecules is called a _________.
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polymer
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What decomposition reaction requires the addition of a water molecule to break a bond?
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Hydrolysis
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The most important monosaccharide is _________.
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glucose
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Proteins are polymers of __________.
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amino acids
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Which of these is not a lipid?
A) Fat B) Steroid C) Cholesterol D) Polysaccharide |
D) Polysaccharide
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A very large molecule composed of subunits of sugar, nitrogen base, and a phosphate bond is a __________.
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nucleic acid
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DNA and RNA are important because _________.
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they are the "blueprints" of life.
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In a base pairing of DNA molecules, _____ is bound to _____.
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adenine; thymine
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The term that is used to describe all of the chemical reactions that occur in body cells is _________.
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metabolism
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What is ATP?
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It is the form of energy that cells generally use.
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