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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A light-absorbing chemical, a pigment, that traps the energy in sunlight and converts it to chemical energy.
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chlorophyll
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The tendency of a substance to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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diffusion
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A chemical process by which cells release energy from sugar when no oxygen is present.
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fermentation
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The movement of water through a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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osmosis
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A type of molecule made up of subunits of sugars and used for energy and structure.
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carbohydrate
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A process in which cells use oxygen to release energy stored in sugars.
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cellular respiration
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Energy that is stored in the chemical composition of matter.
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chemical energy
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The process by which chemical changes occur.
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chemical reaction
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A type of molecule, made up of subunits of nucleotides, that is part of the genetic material of a cell and is needed to make proteins,
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nucleic acid
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A type of molecule made up of subunits of fatty acids.
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lipid
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A sugar molecule that is a major energy source for most cells, produced by the process of photosynthesis.
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glucose
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The process of using energy to move materials through a membrane.
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active transport
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One of many types of molecules made up of chains of amino acid subunits.
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protein
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The process by which green plants and other producers use simple compounds and energy from light to make sugar, an energy-rich compound
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photosynthesis
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The movement of materials through a membrane without any input of energy.
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passive transport
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When do muscle cells release energy using sugars such as glucose?
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When you are at rest
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When does fermentation release energy without oxygen?
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When you are doing a workout.
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The process by which molecules spread out or move from areas where there are many of them to areas where there are fewer of them.
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Diffusion
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When do cells use active transport?
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to perform life functions
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A word that means going in to the cell
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endocytosis
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A word that means going to exit (leave) the cell
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exocytosis
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How does cell size affect transport?
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Everything that enters or leaves a cell goes through the cell membrane.
When the cell gets larger its volume increases faster. When molecules go in they change the cell's shape. |
