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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Matter |
Occupies space and has mass. |
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Element |
A substance that cannot be broken down into substances with different properties. 1 type of atom. |
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Atom |
Smallest part of an element that displays properties of the element |
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Atomic number |
Number of protons |
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Mass Number |
Number of protons and neutrons |
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Isotopes |
Same element with differing number of neutrons. |
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High Levels of radiation uses. |
1. Damage DNA 2. Sterilise Equipment 3. Targeting cancer cells |
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Octet Rule: |
Outermost shell is most stable when full of 8 electrons. Unless one level, then 2. |
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Ion |
Atom that has lost electrons |
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Ionic Bond |
Electrons transferred from one atom to another atom and these oppositely charged ions are attracted to one another. |
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Non polar Covalent Bond |
electrons shared equally between atoms |
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Polar Covalent Bond |
Electrons shared unequally |
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Electronegativity |
ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a bond. |
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Hydrogen Bond |
A weak attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen and a slightly negative oxygen. |
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Properties of water (5) |
1. High heat capacity. 2. High heat of vapourisation. 3. A good solvent. 4. Cohesive and adhesive. 5. Ice less dense than water. |
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pH |
Measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. |
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Acids |
Dissociate in water, creating H+ ions |
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Bases |
Either take up H+ ions or release OH- ions |
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pH scale |
indicates acidity or alkalinity |
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Buffer |
A chemical or chemical combination that keeps pH in normal limits. |