Chapter 2

Front 1

Improvement

Back 1

Any artificial thing attached to the land, such as a building or a fence as well as infrastructures, such as sewers.

Front 2

Real Property

Back 2

The interests, benefits, and rights that are automatically included in the ownership of land and real estate.

Front 3

Bundle of Legal Rights

Back 3

Includes rights of: Possession, control, enjoyment, exclusion (to keep others off property), and disposition (to sell, transfer, dispose of property.)

Front 4

Appurtenance

Back 4

*Runs with the land* A right or privilege associated with the property, although not necessarily a part of it.

Examples: parking spaces, easements, water rights.

Front 5

Water Rights

Back 5

Rights held by owners of land adjacent to rivers, lakes, or oceans and are restrictions on the rights of land ownership.

Front 6

Chattels

Back 6

Another term for personal property - movable objects

Examples: chairs, tables, clothing, money, bank accounts.

Front 7

Emblements

Back 7

*Aka fructus industriales* Annually cultivated crops such as fruit, vegetables, and grain. Generally considered personal property.

Front 8

Perennial Crops

Back 8

Not personal property, transfer with the land.

Examples: orchards, vineyards.

Front 9

Severance

Back 9

Separating from the land. Any item of real property can become personal property by severance.

Front 10

Annexation

Back 10

The process by which personal property becomes real property.

Front 11

Fixture

Back 11

Personal property that has been affixed to land or a building. By law, it becomes part of the real property.

Examples: Heating systems, kitchen cabinets, light fixtures, plumbing.