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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Water is polar or non polar |
Polar opposite sides of molocule has opposite charge |
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Emergent properties of water |
Cohesion Ability to moderate temp Expands upon freezing Universal solvent |
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Cohesion |
Hydrogen bonds hold water molocules together |
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Adhesion |
Water attracted between different substances |
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Surface tension |
Measure of how hard it is to break surface of a liquid |
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Heat |
Total amount of Kinetic energy due to molecular motion |
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Temperature |
Measures intensity of average kinetic energy in motion. |
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Celsius |
Boiling 100 Freezing 0 Body temp 37 |
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Calorie |
Amount of heat required to raise temp of 1g of water 1 degree measured in food as kila_____ |
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Specific heat |
Is the amount of heat that must be gained or lost for 1g of substance to change temp by 1degree |
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Sweat function |
Evaporative cooling |
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Solution |
homogeneous mixture of a substance |
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Solvent |
Dissolving agent of solution |
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Solute |
Substance that is dissolved |
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Water is universal solvent because |
Is polar and forms hydrogen bonds easily |
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Hydrophobic |
A substance doesn't have an affinity for water |
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Hydrophilic |
Affinity for water |
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Colloid |
Stable suspension of particles in a liquid eg. Oil on water |
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Acid |
Ph below 7 has more hydrogen ions H+ |
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Base |
Has ph above 7 Has more hydroxide ions OH- |
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Buffer |
Substance that minimizes change in concentration of H+ and OH- in a solution |
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Warming of earth |
Green house effect |
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Cause of decrease in ability of corals to form calcified reefs |
Acidification of ocean more HCO3 less CO3^2 |
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Matter
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Anything that takes up space and has mass– made up of elements
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Elements
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Substance that can not be broken down to other substances
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Compound
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2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
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96% of life is made up of
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CHON= Carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen
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Trace elements
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They are required by an organism in minute quantities eg. Iodine required for thyroid
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Atom
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Smallest unit of mater that still retains properties of element
Made of neutrons no charge Protons (define element) positive charge Electrons negative charge |
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Isotopes
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Atoms that have different number of neutrons atomic weight
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Radio active isotopes
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Used to date fossils medical imaging and lab research
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Structural formula
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Represents atom bonding
H–OH |
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Molecular formula
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Abreviated formula H2O
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Covalent bond
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Electrons shared by 2 atoms is difficult for body to break down
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Hydrogen bond
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Weak bond h atom covalent bonded to electron of another atom
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Ionic bond
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One atom loses an electron weaker bond Salts
Ion is a charged atom Na+ Cl– |
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Molecular shape and function
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Specific function based on shape
Similar shape can have similar function eg endorphin and morphine similar shape |
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Chemical reaction
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Make and break chemical bonds
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Reactents
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Starting molecule in a Chem reaction
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Products
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Final molecule in a chemical reaction
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Photosynthesis |
6 CO2 + 6 H20= C6H12O6 6 O2 |
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Chemical equilibrium
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Forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. Usually not reached in living system
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