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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A. What do organic compounds contain?
B. What are they referred to as? |
A. Carbon and Hydrogen
B. Compounds of life |
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What size are bacteria?
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2-8 micr. long.
most are .2 micr diam |
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Name 4 groups of organic compounds?
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1. Protien
2. Carbohydrate 3. Lipids 4. Nucleic acids |
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A. What is synthesis?
B. What is hydrolysis? |
A. when you build something.
B. Decomp of a chem compnd by reaction with h2o, such as the dissociation of a dissolved salt or the catalytic conversion of starch to glucose. |
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How much of a cell structure is protiens?
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50% of dry weight.
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What is the basic unit of a molecule?
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Amino acids, 20 found in living systems.(protiens).
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A. AA-AA
B. AA-AA-AA C. AA-AA-AA-AA D. AA-AA-AA-AA-AA |
A. Dipeptide (2)
B. Tripeptide (3) C. Tetrapeptide (4) D. Polypeptide (Chain) |
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What are the bonds between amino acids? *********
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Peptide bonds
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What are the 4 levels of structures?
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1. Primary: sequence/order
2. Secondary: chain/shape 3. Tertiary: 3-dim structure 4. Quaternary: 2 plypeptd chns |
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what are the 2 types of secondary structure?
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1. Alpha helix: phone cord/3-6 amino acid in each.
2. Betapleated sheet: held 2gthr by hydrogen bond. |
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Secondary level structure
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Alpha helix,
Hydrogen bond, Pleated sheet |
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What is the teritary level?
What is it held together by? |
A. Final 3-dim configuration
disulfide bond B. Many different bonds |
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What is a quaternary level of structure?
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When 2 or more protiens come together to form a functional unit. (some, all have first three; primary, sec. teitary
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What does denatured mean?
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It loses it's structure and function. due to hi-temp, change in ph, hi-salt conc., hvy metals or leads.
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What are simple protiens?
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Contain only amino acids
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What are conjugated proteins?
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amino acid w/another component.
Ex. glyco-protein nucleo-prtein, lipo-protien, |
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What are carbohydrates?
What is the ratio? |
Sugars and starches
2;H:1;O |
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What are the functions of carbohydrates?
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Fuel for cells
Food reserve part of bact. cell wall Part of dna/rna (dexyrybose) |
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What are monosaccharides?
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Simple sugars
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How do you term the 3-7 carbons?
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trisoses, tetroses, pentroses, hexoses, heptoses
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What are the 3 common monosaccharides?
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Glucose,
Fructose Galactose all are hexoses (6) |
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What are disaccharides?
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2 monosaccharides
Ex. glucose+fructose=sucrose glucose+galactose=lactose glucose+glucose=maltose |
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What are polysaccharides?
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A chain of monosaccharides
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Name 3 polysaccharides.
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1.Glycogen:storage form animals & some bacteria
2.starch:in plants 3. Cellulose:main structural component of plant/algae walls |
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What are lipids?
Are they polar or non-polar? |
Fats & Oils
Non-polar |
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What is the function of lipids?
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Good energy source, structure of cell membrane and cell wall.
CHO but lack 2:1 ratio. |
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What are simple lipids?
What are lipid fats made up of? |
Fats
1 Glycerol, 3 fatty acids(triglycerides) |
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Can fatty acids tails be be saturated and unsaturated?
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Yes
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what is non-polar
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water fearing
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What is polar?
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hydrophylic
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4 nucleic acid (organic compounds)
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1.DNA; subst genes are made
2.Rna; dna is dble stranded 3.nucleic acid: dna+rna 4.Nucleotide: 3-parts(nitrogenous base,pentose sugar, phosphate) called A,T,C,G,U |
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What is ATP?
What does it do? |
adenosine triphosphate
Energy carrying molecule of cell. |
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What is the ATP cycle?
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atp to adp
atp=hi energy model when hydrolyzed becomes adp |
