Chapter 19 Urinary System

Front 1

Urinary system

Back 1

The body system that controls the amount of water and chemicals in the blood, which controls the amount in the rest of the body. It is composed of the two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra

Front 2

Kidneys

Back 2

Two organs that produce urine, regulate red blood cell production, and help regulate blood pH and blood pressure

Front 3

Ureters

Back 3

Tubes that drain urine from the kidneys into the urinary bladder

Front 4

Urinary bladder

Back 4

An expandable organ where urine is temporarily stored

Front 5

Urethra

Back 5

A tube that drains urine from the bladder out of the body

Front 6

Urine

Back 6

Excess water and chemicals such as metabolic wastes, excess electrolytes, hydrogen ions, and glucose removed from the blood by the kidneys, stored temporarily in the urinary bladder and then expelled from the body

Front 7

Renin

Back 7

An enzyme secreted by the kidneys that helps regulate blood pressure

Front 8

Erythropoietin

Back 8

A hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production

Front 9

Nephron

Back 9

the functional unit of the kidney that filters the blood and forms urine

Front 10

Internal urethral sphincter

Back 10

A ring of muscle inside of the urinary bladder at the beginning of the urethra that automatically opens allowing urine into the urethra

Front 11

External urethral sphincter

Back 11

A ring of muscle around the urethra outside of the bladder that must be opened on purpose to allow urine to flow from the bladder to the outside of the body

Front 12

Urination micturition voiding

Back 12

The flow of urine from the bladder, through the urethra, to the outside of the body

Front 13

Nitrogen wastes

Back 13

The major wastes in urine

Front 14

Thirst center

Back 14

A group of neurons in the hypothalamus that produces a feeling of thirst if the total body fluid decreases by 1% to 2%

Front 15

Diuretic

Back 15

A chemical that increases urine production, examples are caffeine and alcohol

Front 16

Anti Diuretic

Back 16

Substance that decreases urine production

Front 17

Acid-base (pH) balance which is regulated by buffers

Back 17

Blood pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood, the respiratory system, and the kidneys

Front 18

7.4

Back 18

Normal pH

Front 19

7.35 to 7.45

Back 19

Average pH range

Front 20

Acidosis

Back 20

Blood pH below 7.35

Front 21

Alkalosis

Back 21

Blood pH above 7.45

Front 22

Buffer

Back 22

A substance that prevents or minimizes changes in pH