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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CHARACTERISTICES INFECTIONS OF CNS
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rare due to protective nervous tissue; when they do occur= catastrophic; reduce ability to fight infections
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COMMONE CAUSES OF CNS INFECTIONS
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bacteria and viruses; trauma - expose CSF to infection agents
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MENINGITIS
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inflammation of the meninges; lead to increase in scar tissue=restricts natural flow of CSF= hydrocephalus/subarachnoid cyst
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CARDINAL SIGN OF MENINGITIS
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headache HA
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INCIDENCE OF MENINGITIS
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2-6 per 100,000
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ETIOLOGIC/RISK FACTORS OF MENINGITIS
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children/adults without vaccinations; late adolescence
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PATHOGENESIS OF MENINGITIS
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*bacteria or virus enter CSF through BBB; *hydrocephalus, increase intracranial pressure
*vasulitis = decrease cerebral blood flow *drop of glucose levels |
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TYPES OF MENINGITIS
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1. Aseptic (viral)
2. Tuberculous 3. Bacterial |
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ASEPTIC MENINGITIS
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most common; causes inflammation in CNS; caused by viral or fungal infections; S&S occur days after exposure
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THREE TYPES OF ASEPTIC MENINGITIS
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1. Enterovirus - most common
2. Herpes simplex virus 2 - second most common 3. Epstein -Barr virus/Systemic lupus |
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TUBERCULOSUS MENINGITIS
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enters body via inhalation; can form abscess in CNS; causes diffuse meningitis
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BACTERIAL MENINGITIS
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caused by bacteria found in the upper respiratory tract or birth canal; inflammation of subarachnoid space
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CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF MENINGITIS
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fever; HA; stiff/painful neck; pain in lumbar region/posterior thigh; Kernigs & Brudzinki sign
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DIAGNOSIS OF MENINGITIS
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lumbar puncture; xrays; CT scans; blood test
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TREAMENT OF MENINGITIS
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antimicrobial therapy
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PROGNOSIS OF MENINGITIS
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5%-25% mortality rate; depends on infecting bacteria, health and age of person
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