Chapter 19 Flashcards

Front 1

Progressive Era

Back 1

the middle class feels those above are abusing the system and those below are becoming a Socialist threat –
must have government become an “agency of human welfare”

Front 2

Reform

Back 2

The action or process of reforming an institution or practice.

Front 3

Spoils System

Back 3

The postelection practice of rewarding loyal supporters of the winning candidates and party with appointive public offices.

Front 4

Civil Service Act

Back 4

federal law established in 1883 that stipulated that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit

Front 5

Monopoly

Back 5

exclusive controlof a commodityor service in a particular market, or a control that makes possible the manipulation of prices

Front 6

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Back 6

an act of Congress (1890) prohibiting any contract, conspiracy, or combination of business interests in restraint of foreign or interstate trade.

Front 7

Muckraker

Back 7

to search for and expose real or alleged corruption, scandal, or the like, especially in politics.

Front 8

Upton Sinclair

Back 8

1878–1968,U.S. novelist, socialist, and reformer

Front 9

Primary

Back 9

firstorhighestinrankorimportance;chief;principal

Front 10

Initiative

Back 10

a procedure by whicha specified number of voters may propose a statute, constitutional amendment, or ordinance, and compel a popular vote on its adoption

Front 11

Referendum

Back 11

the principle or practice of referring measures proposed or passed by a legislative body to the vote of the electorate for approval or rejection

Front 12

Recall

Back 12

to summon back and withdraw the office from (a diplomat).

Front 13

16th Amendment

Back 13

The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on Census results

Front 14

17th Amendment

Back 14

The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution established direct election of United States Senators by popular vote.

Front 15

18th Amendment

Back 15

The Eighteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution established Prohibition in the United States.

Front 16

19th Amendment

Back 16

The Nineteenth Amendment (Amendment XIX) to the United States Constitution prohibits any United States citizen to be denied the right to vote based on sex

Front 17

Suffragist

Back 17

an advocate of the grant or extension of political suffrage, especially to women.

Front 18

Meat Inspection Act

Back 18

The Meat Inspection Actof 1906 was a United States federal lawthat authorized the Secretary of Agricultureto inspect and condemn any meat product found unfit for human consumption.

Front 19

"The Jungle"

Back 19

Upton Beall Sinclair's novel of labor exploitation in Chicago's meatpacking industry

Front 20

Pure Food and Drug Act

Back 20

The first Pure Food and Drug Act was passed in 1906. The purpose was to protect the public against adulteration of food and from products identified as healthful without scientific support.

Front 21

Prohibition

Back 21

the period (1920–33) when the Eighteenth Amendment was in forceand alcoholic beverages could not legally be manufactured, transported, or sold in the U.S.

Front 22

Civil Service Commission

Back 22

a commission appointed by the President, consisting of three members, not more than two of whom may be adherents of the same party, which has the control, through examinations, of appointments and promotions in the classified civil service.

Front 23

Graduated Income Tax

Back 23

A graduated income tax is one that imposes a higher tax rate the higher your income

Front 24

William "Boss" Tweed

Back 24

a New York City politician who led a group of corrupt politicians
who gained power in the Democratic party in 1863

Front 25

Corruption

Back 25

moral perversion; depravity