Chapter 19

Front 1

Arterial bleeding

Back 1

Blood escapes from artery in spurts b/c of alternating increase & decrease of arterial blood pressure

Front 2

Venous bleeding

Back 2

blood flows slowly & steadily b/c of low, nearly constant pressure

Front 3

Pulse

Back 3

alternate expansion & recoil of an artery

Front 4

Clinical signifigance of a pulse

Back 4

Reveals imp. information regarding the cardiovascular system, blood vessels, & circulation

Front 5

Physiological significance of pulse

Back 5

Expansion stores energy released during recoil, conserving energy generated by the heart and maintaining relatively constant blood flow

Front 6

Existance of pulse is from 2 factors

Back 6

1. Alternating increase & decrease of pressure in the vessel
2. Elasticity of arterial walls allows walls to expand with increased pressure & recoil with the decrease pressure

Front 7

Each pulse starts with ventricular contraction & proceeds as a ____ of expansion throughout the arteries.

Back 7

wave

Front 8

Pulse wave

Back 8

gradually dissipates as it travels, disappearing in the capillaries

Front 9

Pulse can be felt where ever an ______ lies near the surface & over a bone or other firm structure.

Back 9

artery

Front 10

Venous pulse

Back 10

detectable pulse exists only in large veins, most prominent near the heart, not of clinical imp.

Front 11

Dysrhythmia

Back 11

abnormal heart rhythm

Front 12

Bradycardia

Back 12

slow heart rhythm (below 60 beats/min), normal while sleep & in conditioned athletes

Front 13

Tachycardiac

Back 13

very rapid heart beat (more than 100 beats/min)

Front 14

Sinus dysrhythmia

Back 14

variation of heart beat during breathing. Rate increases during inspiration & decreases during expiration. Common in young people & usually requires no treatment.

Front 15

Extrasystoles (premature contractions)

Back 15

contractions of the heart that occur before the next expected contraction

Front 16

Atrial fibrilation

Back 16

frequent premature contractions of the atria. Treated with timed electrical shocks.

Front 17

Ventricular fibrilation

Back 17

rapid frequent premature contractions of the ventricles. Life threatening b/c blood is not pumped to body. Treated by defibrilation

Front 18

Heart failure

Back 18

inability of the heart to pump enough blood

Front 19

Hypertension (HTN)

Back 19

high blood pressure. Normal is less than 120/80. High BP is anything greater than 140/90

Front 20

_____shifts materials from place to place redistributes heat & pressure.

Back 20

Blood flow

Front 21

Blood flow

Back 21

is vital to maintaining homeostasis of internal environment

Front 22

3 main blood vessels

Back 22

Veins, Arteries, and capillaries

Front 23

The cardiovascular system is made up of ____ & _____

Back 23

heart; blood vessels (veins, arteries, and capillaries)

Front 24

Main function of cardiovascular system is to maintain

Back 24

homeostasis

Front 25

Does blood distribute to the body evenly?

Back 25

No it delivers by demand

Front 26

The heart is a ______

Back 26

pump

Front 27

4 structures that help the heart to be a pump

Back 27

1. Sinoatrial node (SA)
2. Atrioventricular node (AV)
3. AV bundle (bundle of His)
4. Purkingi fibers - subendocardial branches

Front 28

SA node

Back 28

Pacemaker

Front 29

The heart posses an intrinsic rhythm called

Back 29

Lub Dub

Front 30

Electrocardiogram

Back 30

ECG

Front 31

Electrocardiogram
ECG

Back 31

a record of electrical events in heartbeat

Front 32

Cardiac cycle

Back 32

a complete heartbeat consisting of contraction & relaxation of both atria and both ventricles

Front 33

systole

Back 33

contract

Front 34

diastole

Back 34

relax

Front 35

systolic sound

Back 35

first sound; caused by contraction of ventricles & vibrations of teh closing AV valves

Front 36

Diastolic sound

Back 36

short, sharp sound; thought to be caused by vibrations of closing SL valves

Front 37

Arterial- arteries

Back 37

measure in BP

Front 38

Influence heart rate

Back 38

anxiety, fear, & anger; emotions; exercise; heat receptors of skin

Front 39

Venous pumps (near extremities)

Back 39

1. Breathing in & out
2. Skeletal muscle contractions
3. One way valves prevent backflow

Front 40

Arterial blood pressure (most issues with BP)

Back 40

measured with sphygmomanometer and stethoscope

Front 41

systolic BP

Back 41

force of blood pushing against artery walls while ventricles are contracting

Front 42

diastolic BP

Back 42

force of blood pushing against the artery walls when ventricles are relaxed

Front 43

pulse pressure

Back 43

differ between systolic and diastolic blood pressure