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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is alcohol abuse?
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Excessive alchohol consumption that leads to medical, behavioral, or social changes in an individual.
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Alcoholism?
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A dependence on alcohol.
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Identify four conditions that may mimic alcohol intoxication?
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Drug Intoxication
Brain tumor Hypoglycemia CNS infection Head injury Stroke Postictal state Diabetic Ketoacidosis Hypoxia |
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Alcohol Withdrawal syndrome
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Physical reactions a person experiences when he or she abruptly stops consuming alcohol.
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Delirium Tremens
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A severe sate of alcohol withdrawal consisting of delirium, hallucinations, and nervous system hyperactivity.
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Describe Alcohol withdrawal syndrome?
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Reactions include: The shakes occur within 24 hours, the patient is shaky and tremulous and has a mild sleep disturbance. Eye's bloodshot and BP elevated.
Withdrawal seizures - such as a grand mal seizures may occure within 24-48 hours. Delirium tremens. |
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Disulfiram
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Some patients with chronic alcohol abuse problems are on a medication call Disulfiram (trade name Antabuse) Causes violent reaction in the body if the patient takes Alcohol.
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Identify five major classes of abused drugs?
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Stimulants, Depressants, Hallucinogens, Narcotics, and Volatile chemicals.
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Describe the care given to patients suspected of alcohol or drug abuse.
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Maintain Airway, O2 nasal 3/4 L
Suction/vomitting Law enforcement/poison control Medical direction ECG IV lifeline Monitor for shock Restrain don't be hero |
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Behavioral Emergency
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is a situation in which the patient feels he or she has in some way lost control of his or her life.
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Stimulants
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(Uppers) stimulate the central nervous system. Cocaine is the most widely used drug in this category. Speed, caffeine, nd thyroid medication...and Meth.
Symptoms: hyperactivity, euphoria, tachycardia, hypertension, dilated pupils, |
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Depressants
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(downers) depress the cental nervous system. Marijuana, barbiturates, sleeping pills, tranquilizers.
Symptoms - sluggishness, poor coordination, slurred speech, decreased respiration, respiroary arrest, |
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Hallucinogens
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include the sense of euphoria and hallucinations. LSD is ex. PCP may result in suicidal and extremely violent behavior.
Symptoms - hallucinations, unpredictable behavior, tachypnea, nausea, dilated pupils, high pulse and BP. |
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Narcotics
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heroin, morphine, codeine, vicodin, Darvon. Oxycontin.
Symptons - drowsiness, imparied cooridination, sweating, respirarory depression, constricted pupils, shock. |
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Volatile chemicals
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aerosols, glue, gasoline.
Inhale or ingest may have altered level of responsiveness, swollen mucous membranes mouth and nose, increase in pulse and RR. Respiratory distress and nausea. |
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Describe the care given to patients suspected of alcohol and drug abuse.
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Airway, O2-nasal 3/4L, vomitting/suction, law/poison control, ECG, IV, prepare for shock, Restrain patient, no not be a hero/judgemental.
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Describe general methods to approach and treat persons with behavioral emergencies?
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Build good rapport with the patient.
Describe everything you are going to do No sudden moves Have a partner with you Make sure their is an exit let patient express verbally instead of physically Avoid eye contact. Ask patient to sit. |
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Neurosis
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An anxious reaction to a perceived fear.
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Psychosis
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A mental condition, whereby the patient has lost his or her sense of reality.
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Differentiate between neurosis and psychosis?
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Neurosis is normal fears, psychosis is when they are in a make believe land, but feel everything is real.
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Describe three signs of depression
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Unkempt appearance
Speech different than normal Frequent crying bouts Abnormally increased or decreased appetite Sleep disturbances |
