Chapter 18 - Microbiology

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Aerobes



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Bacteria that requires oxygen to grow

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Anaerobes



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Bacteria that grows in the absence of oxygen and are destroyed by oxygen.

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Bacilli



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Rod-shaped bacteria that cause tuberculosis and other diseases

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Candida



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A yeast commonly found in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, female genital tract, and sometimes the skin.

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Chancre



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A painless ulcerating sore.

Front 6

Cocci



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Sperical bacterial cells that reproduce by dividing into two. (singular, coccus).

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Creutzfelt-jakob disease


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Rare chronic brain disease with onset in middle to late life (40 to 60 years).

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Endospore



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A resistant, dormant structure formed inside of some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions.

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Faculative anaerobes



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Organisms that can grow with or without oxygen.

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Fungi



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Plants, such as mushrooms, yeast, and molds, that lack chlorophyll.(singular,fungas)

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Gram Negative



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Classification of bacteria that do not hold a dye stain under a microscope.

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Gram positive



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Classification of bacteria that hold a dye stain and appear dark purple under a microscope.

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Gram's stain



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Four-step staining process developed by Hans Christian Gram and used to separate bacteria into groups.

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Gram variable



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Classification of bacteria that are not consistently stained.

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H5N1



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A form of avian influenza virus.

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Herpesvirus



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A virus that causes infections in humans, such as herpes, cytomegalovirus, chickepox, shingles, mononucleosis, measles, and Kaposi's sarcoma.

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Latent



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Dormant

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Microbiology



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The study of microorganisms.

Front 19

Nonpathogenic



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Pertaining to microorganisms that do not produce disease.

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Oral candidiasis



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Candida yeast infection of the oral mucosa.

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Pandemic



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A condition that occurs throughout the people of a country or the world.

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Pathogens



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Disease-producing microorganisms.

Front 23

Percutaneous



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Through the skin, such as a neddle stick, a cut, or a human bite.

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Petri Plate



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A small, flat dish made of thin glass or plastic that contains sterile solid medium for the culture of microorganisms; also called Petri Dish.

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Prions



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infectious particles of protiens that lack nucleic acids.

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Protozoa



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Single-celled microscopic animals without a rigid cell wall.

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Provirus



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Virus that is hidden during the latency period.

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Spirochetes



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Spiral-shaped bacteria.

Front 29

Staphylococci



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Cocci that form irregular groups or clusters.

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Tyndallization



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Intermittent, or fractional, sterilzation.

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Virulent



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Capable of causing serious disease.

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Viruses



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Ultramicroscopic infectious agents that contain DNA or RNA.