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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

The skin is a large, complex _______ that protects the body.

organ

The skin combined with the hair, nails, and sweat and oil glands comprise the __________ ________, the study of which is called __________.

Integumentary system; dermatology

________ -layers of dead cells that contain ________ : a waterproofing and protective protein

Epidermis ; keratin

Physical Barrier – _________, a strong protein because of the disulfide bridges

keratin

What does perspiration do?

provides water and nutrients for some microorganisms, but also contains salt and lysozyme; high in lactic acid contributing to the low pH

How is Sebum made and what is the pH level?

it is secreted by the sebaceous (oil) glands, has a low pH because of its high fatty acid content

What are antimicrobial peptides in epithelial cells?

positively charged molecules that disrupt the bacterial cell membranes (negatively charged)

Where are mucous membranes located, what are the made of and what do they do?

lining of body cavities; tightly packed epithelial cells attached to a membrane; many of these cells secrete mucus; often acidic; the eyes are mechanically washed by tears containing lysozyme; saliva – lysozyme

small, fluid-filled lesions

Vesicles

larger vesicles; bubble

Bullae

flat, reddened lesions

Macules

combines macular and papular characteristics

Maculopapular

raised reddened lesions

Papules

if filled with pus

Pustules

Acne; severe acne =

cystic acne


____________ _____ produces _________ (and other enzymes) digesting the oils produced by the oil gland; also produces a protein that stimulates inflammation and neutrophils that are attracted to the site of infection produce enzymes that damage the wall of the hair follicle --> appearance of _______ and scarring

Propionibacterium acnes produces lipases;




appearance of pustules and scarring

What are the two types of treatments for acne and what is an example of one of them.

Topical treatment such as Benzaclin and oral treatment


Long term antibiotic use causes


a high rate of antibiotic resistance in skin bacteria or in whole-body flora which pass to family members


Oral contraceptives containing estrogen controversial because of the dangers of estrogen, such as...

breast cancer; blood clots which increase strokes and heart disease


Accutane (isotretinoin), a derivative of vitamin...

A inhibits sebum formation may have severe side effects such as depression and birth defects

Acne has _____________________________, but linked to endocrine factors, emotional stress, pressure on skin by leaning on hands, phone; often worse in spring and fall; cosmetics, especially oil-base irritate skin


no relationship to fats in diet