Chapter 18 Kinesiology

Front 1

The hip joint called the ___ ______ consists of the illium, ischium, and pubis.

Back 1

os coxae

Front 2

The hip functions as an attachment site for various ________.

Back 2

muscles

Front 3

The hip functions to transmit weight away from the _____ tuberosity (sit bones)

Back 3

ischial

Front 4

The hip functions to _______ reproductive organs, bladder and bowels.

Back 4

support

Front 5

The pelvic girdle consists of what number of os coxae?

Back 5

2

Front 6

The hip joint is the articulation between the _________ and the ______ ____ of the femur.

Back 6

acetabulum
femoral head

Front 7

Femoral ______ occurs when the femoral head is enlarged and is not congruent with the acetabulum.

Back 7

displagia

Front 8

Acetabulum _______ occurs when the acetabulum is enlarged and is not congruent with the femoral head.

Back 8

displagia

Front 9

What is the normal angle of inclination for the acetabulum femoral joint?

Back 9

125 degrees

Front 10

When the angle of inclination between the femoral head is 105 degrees is this termed coxa vara or coxa valga?

Back 10

coxa vara

Front 11

Is coxa vera associated with external rotation or internal rotation of the hip?

Back 11

Internal rotation

Front 12

When the angle of inclination is 140 degrees, is this termed coxa vera or coxa valga?

Back 12

coxa valga

Front 13

Is coxa valga associated with external rotation or internal rotation of the hip?

Back 13

External rotation

Front 14

True/False Individuals who have coxa valga have bow-legged knees.

Back 14

True

Front 15

A normal angle of torsion is ___ degrees.

Back 15

15

Front 16

Excessive anteversion when looking at the angle of torsion occurs at ___ degrees and causes excessive internal rotation.

Back 16

35

Front 17

What device can be used to correct excessive anteversion?

Back 17

Braces

Front 18

Excessive external rotation when looking at the angle of torsion occurs at 5 degrees and leads to Femoral Acetabulum _________.

Back 18

impingement

Front 19

What is the strongest ligament of the hip?

Back 19

Iliofemoral ligament

Front 20

The Acetabular _______ acts as a suction cup around the head of the femur and deepens hip socket by 30%.

Back 20

labrum

Front 21

Where there is a line of (compact/cancellous) bone it means that area is stressed.

Back 21

cancellous

Front 22

The iliofemoral ligament prevents hyperextension and external rotation of the ____ and helps paraplegics stand erect when using a walking device.

Back 22

hip

Front 23

As the femur moves on the pelvis during flexion, ____ degrees of flexion occurs when the knee is flexed and < ____ degrees of flexion when the knee is extended.

Back 23

120

Front 24

As the femur moves on the pelvis during extension, ___ degrees of extension occurs when the knee is extended and slight to ___ hip extension when knee is flexed.

Back 24

20
no

Front 25

As the femur moves on the pelvis, ____ degrees of abduction occurs.

Back 25

40

Front 26

As the femur moves on the pelvis, ___ degrees of adduction occurs.

Back 26

25

Front 27

As the femur moves on the pelvis, ___ degrees of internal rotation occurs.

Back 27

35

Front 28

As the femur moves on the pelvis, ____ degrees of external rotation occurs.

Back 28

45

Front 29

As the pelvis moves on the femur, visualize sitting down, ___ degrees of pelvic extension and flexion occur.

Back 29

30

Front 30

As the pelvis moves on the femur, ___ degrees of pelvic abduction and adduction occurs.

Back 30

30

Front 31

When thinking about pelvic flexion, think about doing chair ______.

Back 31

crunches

Front 32

When the pelvis moves on the femur, ____ degrees of internal and external rotation occur.

Back 32

15

Front 33

As the pelvis moves on the femur, ___ degrees of external and internal rotation occur.

Back 33

15

Front 34

As the pelvis moves anteriorly (flexion), the vertebral column moves ________.

Back 34

posteriorly

Front 35

The hip flexor muscles would be on the (anterior/posterior) side of the body

Back 35

anterior

Front 36

Name two muscles that facilitate hip flexion.

Back 36

Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Tensor Fascia Latae
Adductor Longus
Pectineus

Secondary:
Adductor Brevis
Gracilis
Gluteus minimus (anterior fibers)

Front 37

What two muscles act as force coupling to produce pelvic on femoral hip flexion? (Anterior pelvic tilt)

Back 37

Erector Spinae
Sartorius

Front 38

Contracture of the hip ______ occurs when a person is seated for extended periods of time. Hips are never extended and are weak and flexors are strong.

Back 38

flexors

Front 39

What ligament becomes very tight when there is a hip flexor contracture?

Back 39

Iliofemoral ligament

Front 40

What kinds of treatment can be done to fix hip flexor contracture?

Back 40

Stretch hip flexors
Strengthen hip extenders

Front 41

The hip adductor muscles are more(medial/lateral) on the leg.

Back 41

medial

Front 42

Name two hip adductor muscles.

Back 42

Pectineus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Brevis
Gracilis

Secondary:
Biceps femoris (long head)
Gluteus maximus

Front 43

True/False There are no primary muscles involved in hip internal rotation because none of the secondary muscles involved are oriented in the transverse plane.

Back 43

True

Front 44

Name two hip internal rotators. These are most associated with hip adduction.

Back 44

Adductor Brevis
Adductor Longus
Pectineus
Tensor Fascia Latae
Gluteus minimus (anterior fibers)
Gluteus medius (anterior fibers)

Front 45

The hip extensors are on the (anterior/posterior) side of the body.

Back 45

posterior

Front 46

Name two hip extensors.

Back 46

Gluteus maximus
Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Adductor Magnus (posterior head)

Secondary:
Gluteus medius
Adductor magnus (anterior head)

Front 47

During hip extension the pelvis tilts (anteriorly/posteriorly).

Back 47

Posteriorly

Front 48

What two muscles act as force couplers and are contradirectional in hip extension as posterior pelvic tilt?

Back 48

Hamstrings/Gluteus Maximus with Rectus Abdominus

Front 49

Name two hip abductor muscles.

Back 49

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor Fascia Latae

Secondary:
Piriformis
Sartorius

Front 50

True/False The hip extensors, abductors and external rotators are primarily on the posterior part of the body.

Back 50

True

Front 51

Name two hip external rotators.

Back 51

Gluteus maximus
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemellus superior
Gemellus inferior
Quadratus femoris

Secondary:
Gluteus medius (posterior fibers)
Gluteus minimus (posterior fibers)
Obturator externus
Sartorius
Biceps femoris (long head)

Front 52

What plane and what movements associated with that plane generate the most force when we accelerate forward?

Back 52

Sagittal plane
Flexion/Extension

Front 53

When trying to stretch the hamstrings, we should (anteriorly/posteriorly) tilt the pelvis.

Back 53

anteriorly

Front 54

When trying to stretch the quadriceps, we should (anteriorly/posteriorly) tilt the pelvis.

Back 54

posteriorly

Front 55

What hand should you hold a cane in if the right hip is injured?

Back 55

Left hand to reduce stress on right hip abductors

Front 56

What is the most common hip injury?

Back 56

Muscle strains

Front 57

What is the most common contusion that occurs in the hip? The bruise occurs in the muscle and bone.

Back 57

Iliac crest contusion

Front 58

Meralgia Parasethetica results from iliac crest contusion when the ______ femoral nerve becomes compressed

Back 58

lateral

Front 59

True/False Rest, Immobilization, Ice, Compression, limit weightbearing, aspiration and padding will worsen iliac crest contusion.

Back 59

False better

Front 60

True/False Iliac crest contusion is hard to distinguish from an avulsion fracture

Back 60

True

Front 61

What population do avulsion and apophyseal injuries occur in?

Back 61

adolescents because bones and tendons are not as strong

Front 62

________ is the site at which a tendon inserts into a bone.

Back 62

Apophyseal

Front 63

Where do patients typically feel the pain when they have a hip avulsion or apophyseal injury?

Back 63

Ischial tuberosity (sit bone)

Front 64

Hip ________ or _________ occurs when the femoral head comes completely or partially out of the acetabulum.

Back 64

dislocation, sublaxation

Front 65

True/False Most hip dislocations occur anteriorly when the leg abducts rather than posteriorly when the leg adducts.

Back 65

False posteriorly when leg adducts

Front 66

People who have sublaxated or dislocated the femoral acetabular joint or have acetabular displagia are more susceptible to _______ tears.

Back 66

Labral

Front 67

The symptoms of _____ tears are groin pain, limited ROM and the treatment is to limit weightbearing and have surgery.

Back 67

labral

Front 68

______ pubis is inflammation of the pubic symphysis. It most commonly affects individuals who run or play soccer. (THINK BONE INFLAMMATION).

Back 68

Osteitis

Front 69

What is the name of the surgery in which the adductor muscle is cut in order to reduce inflammation during osteitis pubis?

Back 69

Adductor etendectomy

Front 70

Bursitis of the hip commonly occurs at the ________ trochanter. Women are more likely to develop bursitis because we have wider hips. Excessive adduction introduces a larger Q angle

Back 70

greater

Front 71

What syndrome occurs when the IT band slips over the greater trochanter? This is a result of weak hip internal rotators.

Back 71

Snapping hip syndrome

Front 72

Which is more common- external snapping hip syndrome or internal snapping hip syndrome (iliopsoas)?

Back 72

External snapping hip syndrome

Front 73

________ syndrome occurs when the piriformis muscle compresses the sciatic nerve and the sciatic nerve becomes inflammed.

Back 73

Piriformis

Front 74

What would a PT have you do to reduce compression on the sciatic nerve?

Back 74

Flex and internally rotate the hip