Chapter 17 The Special Senses

Front 1

Special senses have more specialized receptors (cells). The receptors for the special senses are found in the...

Back 1

Head

Front 2

How general and special senses detect and transmit information to the cerebral cortex...

Back 2

* Receptor is stimulated------> Fires a nerve impulse (an action potential)-----> Nerve impulse arrives to CNS------> Thalamus (visual,taste,pain,touch except smell)-----> cerebral cortex <------------- Perception (pain)

Front 3

Name the Receptors used to sense smell

Back 3

Olfactory Cells

Front 4

Olfactory receptors are?

Back 4

Chemoreceptors

Front 5

Olfactory receptors are located @

Back 5

the upper part of the nasal cavity

Front 6

Describe the olfactory receptor cells

Back 6

1. modified neuron has cilia
2. sensitive part of receptor is cilia
3. also its a Bipolar neuron

Front 7

About how many olfactory receptors does a person have?

Back 7

About 10-100 million

Front 8

The nerve that is stimulated by olfactory cells (receptors) is

Back 8

Olfactory Nerve (bulb)

Front 9

Name the main interpreting cerebral lobe for olfactory impulses

Back 9

Temporal Lobe (cortex)

Front 10

Name the receptors used for taste

Back 10

Taste buds

Front 11

Taste buds are..

Back 11

chemorecptors

Front 12

Describe the location of taste buds

Back 12

* mainly in the tongue
* cheeks
* throat or pharynx
* epiglottis

Front 13

Describe the taste bud..

Back 13

*each taste bud is a group of modified epithelial cells... these taste cells function as sensory receptors!
* we have paillae
* on the side of tongue we have taste buds
* not smooth- we have ridges

Front 14

Each taste bud has an opening called_________ on its free surface

Back 14

Taste pore

Front 15

What projects out through the taste pores?

Back 15

Cilia

Front 16

The sensitive part of the taste cell is:

Back 16

Cilia

Front 17

Umami:

Back 17

a japanese word, means yummy or delicious and refers to a meaty flavor

Front 18

Umami taste location:

Back 18

At the center of the tongue

Front 19

Name the 3 cranial nerves that transmit taste impulses to the brain?

Back 19

1. Facial nerve
2. vagus nerve
3. glossopharyngeal nerve

Front 20

In what cerebral lobe is the taste center located?

Back 20

Temporal lobe

Front 21

name the organ of hearing

Back 21

Ear

Front 22

name the organ for the sense of equilibrium

Back 22

Ear

Front 23

The 3 major parts of the ear

Back 23

1.outer (External)
2. middle ear
3. inner ear

Front 24

list the 2 parts of the outer or external ear

Back 24

1. Auricle (pinna)
2. External Acoustic Meatus

Front 25

Describe the function of the auricle

Back 25

capture sound waves

Front 26

how long is the external acoustic meatus?

Back 26

About 2.5 cm = 1 inch

Front 27

Describe the function of the external acoustic meatus

Back 27

transmit sound waves to the tympanic membrane

Front 28

The external acoustic meatus terminates with the_______ membrane (eardrum)

Back 28

Tympanic

Front 29

Describe the function of the tympanic membrane

Back 29

transmits sound waves to the middle ear

Front 30

The middle ear is an______ cavity of the______ bone

Back 30

1. Air filled

2.Temporal

Front 31

The middle ear contains three small bones called

Back 31

Auditory ossicles

Front 32

List the 3 auditory ossicles

Back 32

1. Malleus ( malleus is attached to the Tympanic membrane)
2. Incus
3. Stapes ( smallest bone in the body)

Front 33

Describe the functions of the Auditory Ossicles

Back 33

Transmit soundwaves to the inner ear also amplify soundwaves vibrations

Front 34

Describe the Auditory tube..

Back 34

connects the middle ear to "throat" (pharynx)

Front 35

(Inner ear) Contains intercommunicating chambers and tubes called

Back 35

labyrinth

Front 36

Describe Cochela.....shape? function? and also Cochela contains receptors called?

Back 36

1. Snail shape
2. function= detects soundwaves then send it to the brain
3. hair cells

Front 37

Semicircular Ducts (there are 3 of them) function?

Back 37

detects body balance and posture, also sends information the brain

Front 38

name the nerve transmitting sound information to the brain

Back 38

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Front 39

Name the cerebral lobe where the auditory center is located

Back 39

Temporal lobe

Front 40

Name the organ of sight

Back 40

eyes

Front 41

The space within the eye are filled with

Back 41

jelly-like fluid called Vitreous humor, they are completely transparent

Front 42

Retina contains.. (inner eye)

Back 42

Photoreceptor

Front 43

2 types of photoreceptor

Back 43

1. rods
2. cones

Front 44

Rods are responsible for vision at_____ light. Rods produce_______ vision. Rods produce general outline of objects

Back 44

1. dim
2. dark

Front 45

Cones detect________. Cones provide _________ images.

Back 45

1.shapes color
2. sharp

Front 46

What is the Fovea Contralis? A) The area of _________ vision on retina. B) It ONLY contains________

Back 46

A. sharpest
B. Cones

Front 47

What is the optic Disc?

Back 47

1. beginning of optic nerve
2. attaches Retina
3. Blind spot (nickname)

Front 48

Are there photoreceptors at the optic disk?

Back 48

No (no rods and cones)

Front 49

Because the optic disk lacks photoreceptors, it is referred as the

Back 49

Blind spot