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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Humoral immunity
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immunity produced by antibodies dissolved in body fluids, mediated by b cells; also called antibody mediated immunity
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Cellular immunity
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immune response that involves T cells binding to antigents presented on antigen-presenting cells; T cells then differentiate into several types of effector T cells
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B cells
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mature in red bone marrow, form antibodies, extracellular antigens, mermory cells, Humoral immunity, antigen determines antibody,
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T Cells
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Cell mediated immunity, cytoxic cells, intracellular cells, bind to infected cell stimulate t cells,
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Antigens
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foriegn protien on the cell wall of bacteria made up of protiens or polysaccharides; compunds of invading microbes , capsules, cell wall, flagella, fimbriae, and toxins; coats of viruses or other type of micorbes
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Antibody
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what we produce to fight foriegn antigens,goublin protiens bind to antigens,
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Antigen binding sites
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two identical sites that bind to epiotopes.
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Valance
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then number of antigen binding sites an antibody
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T-dependent antigen
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antigen that requires a Th cell for antibody production
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Plasma cells
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activated B cell proliferates into large clone cells, which differentiate into antibody-producing
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Memory cells
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other clones of the activated B cell become longed lived and are responsible for enhanced secondary response to an antigen
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Clonal selction
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B cell recognize only one type of antigen. the encounter triggers proliferation of a cell that is specific for that antigen into a clone of cells
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T-independent antigens
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antigen that stimulate B cells directly without help of T cells, no memory cells are generated,
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Antigen-antibody complex
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antibody encounters an antigen for which it is specific
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Afinity
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the strength between an antigen and an antibody
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Agglutination
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antibodies causes antigens to clump together
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Opsonization
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antigen is coated with antibodies that enhabce its ingestion and lysis by pagocytic cells
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Antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity
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resembles opsonization in that the target organism becomes coated with antibodies; remains externall to the target cell
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Neutralization
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antibodies inactivate microbes by blocking their attachment to host cells and they neutralize toxins
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Activation of complement system
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inflammation will often cause microbes in the inflamed area to become coated wih certain protiens. lyses the microbe and attracts phagocytes and other defensive immune system cells
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T cells
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develop in red bone marrow and migrate and mature in the thymus
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Peyers Patch
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secondary lymphoid organs located on the intestinal wall
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Cytotoxic T Cells
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Virus infected cell triggered or a cancer cell produces abnormal antigens, the antigen is presented on the cell induces destruction of the virus infected cell by apoptosis
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Perforin
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CTL attaches to the target cell and relases a pore forming protien
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Granzymes
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proteases that induce apoptosis
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Apotosis
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programmed cell death
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T regulatory cells
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protecting from the immune system the intestinal bacteria required for digestion, in pregnancy protecting the fetus from rejection as nonself
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Activated Macrophages
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phagocytes and as APC's, control of cancer cells and such intercellular pathogens as tubercle bacillus and virus infected cells
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Antibody Titer
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Intensity of the antibody - mediated humoral response
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Primary Response
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Slow rise in antibody titer peaking in about 10 -17 days after which it declines
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Secondary response
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memory response intensify after a second exposure to an antigen peak in 2-7 days
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Natrually aquired Active
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person is exopsed to antigens, becomes ill and recovers.
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Natrually aquired Passive
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natrual transfer of antibodies from a mother to her infant
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Artificially acquired active immunity
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the result of a vaccination
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Artifically acquired passive immunity
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invloves the injection of antibodies into the body
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