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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social Psychology
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The study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behavior influence, and are influenced by, the behavior of others
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Social cognition
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Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of, and reactions to, other people
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Self-concept
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The way one thinks of oneself
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Self-esteem
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The evaluations people make about how worthy they are as human beings
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Temporal comparison
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Using one's previous performance or characteristics as a basis for judging oneself in the present
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Social Comparison
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Using other people as a basis of comparison for evaluating oneself
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Reference groups
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Categories of people to which people compare themselves
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Relative deprivation
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The belief that, in comparison to a reference group, one is getting less than is deserved
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Social Identity
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The beliefs we hold about the groups to which we belong
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Self-Schemas
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Mental representations that people form of themselves
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Social perception
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The processes through which people interpret information about others, draw inferences about them, and develop mental representations of them
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Self-fulfilling prophecy
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A process through which an initial impression of someone leads that person to behave in accordance with that impression
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Attribution
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The process of explaining the causes of people's behavior, including our own.
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Fundamental Attribution error
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A bias toward overattributing hte bhavior of others to internal causes
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Actor-observer bias
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the tendency to attribute other people's behavior to internal causes while attributing our own behavior (especially errors and failures) to external causes
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Self-Serving Bias
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The tendency to attribute our successes to internal characteristics while blaming our failures on external causes
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Attitude
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A predisposition toward a particular cognitive, emotional, or behavioral reaction to objects
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Elaboration likelihood model
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A model suggesting that attitude change can be driven by evaluation of the content of a persuasive message (central route) or b irrelevant persuasion cues (peripheral route)
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Cognitive dissonance theory
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A theory asserting that attitude change is driven by efforts to reduce tension caused by inconsistencies between attitudes and behaviors
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Self-Perception Theory
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A theory suggesting that attitudes can change as people consider their behavior in certain situations and then infer what their attitude must be.
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Stereotypes
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False assumptions that all members of some group share the same characteristics
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Prejudice
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A positive or negative attitude toward an entire group of people
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Discrimination
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Differential treatment of various groups; the behavioral component of prejudice
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Contact Hypothesis
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The idea that stereotypes and prejudice toward a group will diminish as contact with the group increases
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Matching Hypothesis
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The notion that people are most likely to form relationships with those who are similar to themselves in physical attractiveness
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