Chapter 17

Front 1

How many major components does the circulatory system have? Name them

Back 1

3, the heart, blood vessels, and blood

Front 2

Tissue that allows the heart muscle to contract when stimulated by the electrical impulses from the conduction system

Back 2

contractile

Front 3

Name the 3 pacemaker sites

Back 3

Sinoatrial Node SA, Atrioventrical Node AV, Purkinje Fibers or Network

Front 4

Where is the SA node located?

Back 4

upper portion of the right atrium

Front 5

Where is the AV node located?

Back 5

the "Crux" the point where the walls that separate the upper and lower chambers and the left and right sides of the heart all cross.

Front 6

System composed of the heart and blood vessels

Back 6

Circulatory System

Front 7

Contractile and conductive tissue of the heart that generates electrical impulses and causes the heart to beat

Back 7

Cardiac Conduction System

Front 8

The ability of cells within the cardiac conduction system to generate a cardiac impulse on their own

Back 8

Automaticity

Front 9

The muscular organ that contracts to force blood into circulation through the body.

Back 9

Heart

Front 10

The two upper chambers of the heart

Back 10

Atria

Front 11

The two lower chambers of the heart

Back 11

Ventricles

Front 12

The two major veins that carry oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart

Back 12

Vena Cavae

Front 13

Vessel carrying oxygen depleted blood from the heart's right ventricles to the lungs

Back 13

Pulmonary Artery

Front 14

Vessel carrying oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

Back 14

Pulmonary Vein

Front 15

The major artery from the heart

Back 15

Aorta

Front 16

The valve that connects the right atrium to the right ventricle

Back 16

Tricuspid Valve

Front 17

Deoxygenated blood is ejected from the right ventricle through the?

Back 17

Pulmonic Semilunar Valve

Front 18

The valve that connects the left atrium to the left ventricle

Back 18

Mitral Valve aka Bicuspid Valve

Front 19

The valve that blood is ejected through from the left ventricle to the aorta

Back 19

Aortic Semilunar Valve

Front 20

Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

Back 20

Artery

Front 21

The smallest branch of an artery

Back 21

Ateriole

Front 22

A tiny blood vessel connecting arterioles to venules

Back 22

Capillary

Front 23

Vessel that carries blood toward the heart

Back 23

Vein

Front 24

Smallest vein

Back 24

Venule

Front 25

Arteries supplying the heart with blood

Back 25

Coronary Arteries

Front 26

Arteries carry oxygenated blood to the _____ and then to the _____

Back 26

Arterioles and Capillaries

Front 27

A blood clot

Back 27

Thrombus

Front 28

Disk-shaped elements in the blood that are fragments of cells from the bone marrow that aide in clotting

Back 28

Platelets

Front 29

A protein responsible for activating the formation of a clot

Back 29

Thrombin

Front 30

Strands that are responsible for making a clot stronger

Back 30

Fibrin

Front 31

A fatty deposit in the blood

Back 31

Plague

Front 32

The heart's electrical impulse is first generated in the right atrium at the SA node. It travels through both the left and right atria by way of the?

Back 32

Bachmann Bundle

Front 33

Cardiac rhythm abnormalities called

Back 33

Dysrhythmias

Front 34

A graphic representation of the heart's electrical activity as detected from the chest wall surface

Back 34

Electrocardiogram aka ECG or EKG

Front 35

Each heartbeat or mechanical contraction of the heart has two distinct components of electrical activity:

Back 35

depolarization and repolarization

Front 36

The first component of a heart beat in which electrical charges of the heart muscle change from positive to negative and cause heart muscle contraction

Back 36

Depolarization

Front 37

The second component of a heart beat in which the electrical charge of the heart muscle return to a positive charge and cause relaxation of the heart muscle

Back 37

Repolarization

Front 38

The 3 portions of a normal EKG

Back 38

P wave, QRS complex, T wave

Front 39

The first wave of an EKG that represents the depolarization of the atria

Back 39

Pwave

Front 40

The second wave of an EKG that represents depolarization of the ventricles and the main contraction of the heart

Back 40

QRS complex

Front 41

The third wave of an EKG that represents the repolarization of the ventricles

Back 41

T wave

Front 42

A condition that causes the smallest of arterial structures to become less stiff and less elastic

Back 42

Arteriosclerosis

Front 43

A systemic inflammatory arterial disease that causes myocardial infarctions as well as the arterial changes that result in stroke. It alone is the number one killer worldwide

Back 43

Atherosclerosis

Front 44

The force exerted by the blood on the interior walls of the blood vessels

Back 44

Blood Pressure

Front 45

Delivery of oxygen and other nutrients to the cells resulting from the constant adequate circulation of blood through the capillaries

Back 45

Perfusion

Front 46

Reduced heart function caused by any condition, disease, or injury affecting the heart

Back 46

Cardiac Compromise

Front 47

Signs and symptoms resulting from conditions in which the coronary arteries are narrowed or occluded

Back 47

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

Front 48

A state in which there is inadequate delivery of oxygen to the heart muscle

Back 48

Myocardial Ischemia

Front 49

Pain in the chest

Back 49

Angina Pectoris

Front 50

Occurs when a portion of the heart muscle dies because of the lack of an adequate supply of oxygenated blood.

Back 50

Acute Myocardial Infarction

Front 51

Occurs when a weakened section of the aortic wall, usually resulting from atherosclerosis, begins to dilate or balloon outward from the pressure exerted by the blood flowing through the vessel.

Back 51

Aortic Aneurysm

Front 52

Occurs when there is a tear in the inner lining of the aorta and blood enters the opening and causes separation of the layers of the aortic wall

Back 52

Aortic Dissection

Front 53

Medication that dilates the blood vessels, increasing blood flow and decreasing the workload of the heart

Back 53

Nitroglycerin