Chapter 16: Terms

Front 1

integumentary system

Back 1

The skin and hair, nails and glands make this up.
This system contains glands that secrete types of fluids, nerves that carry impulses and blood vessels that aid in the regulation of the body temperature

Front 2

skin's functions:

Back 2

-Is a protective membrane for the body by guarding the deeper tissues against excessive loss of water/salt/heat and pathogens/toxins.
-Prevents bacterial invasion because it contains acidity
-nerve fibers under the skin are receptors for sensations like pain and temperature.
-it maintains body temperature

Front 3

sebaceous glands

Back 3

produce sebum; an oily secretion that lubricates the surface of the skin. too much of this causes blackheads, and acne.
oil secreting gland in the dermis that is associated with hair follicles. not located on palms soles and lips
are influenced by sex hormones

Front 4

sweat glands

Back 4

produce sweat; a water secretion that cools the body when it evaporates from the skin surface

Front 5

Epidermis

Back 5

first layer of skin, a thin, cellular membrane layer containing keratin. Outermost layer of the skin
depends on the deeper dermis layer for nourishment because it lacks blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and connective tissue.

Front 6

Dermis

Back 6

second layer of skin, dense fibrous, connective tissue layer containing collagen.

Is composed of blood,lymph vessels and nerve fibers, hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands
Accounts for the extensibility and elasticity of the skin.
-composed of collagen fibers

Front 7

Subcutaneous layer

Back 7

3rd layer of skin, thick, fat-containing tissue. innermost layer of the skin
important for protection of the deeper tissues of the body as a heat insulator and energy storage.

Front 8

squamous epithelium

Back 8

flat, scale-like cells composing the epidermis
covers both internal and external surfaces of the body and is arranged in strata (several layer) to form stratified squamous epithelium

Front 9

basal layer

Back 9

deepest layer of the epidermis. Its cells constantly multiply and is the source of all epidermis cells.

Front 10

stratum corneum

Back 10

most superficial layer of the epidermis. Outermost layer of the epidermis that contains flattened keratinized cells

Front 11

keratin

Back 11

Hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair and nails and fills the basal layer when their cells flatten and lose their nuclei.

Front 12

Melanocytes

Back 12

is contained in the basal layer of the epidermis that contains melanin

Front 13

melanin

Back 13

a pigment that is transferred to other epidermal cells and gives color to the skin
People that have dark skin contain more melanin not more melanocytes.

Front 14

albinos

Back 14

individuals who are incapable of forming melanin
skin and hair is white. and eyes can be red blue or brown.

Front 15

collagen

Back 15

makes up the dermis. is a fibrous protein material found in bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments and in the skin. Flexible but tough. Becomes tougher with age.
they support and protect the blood and nerve networks that pass through the dermis.

Front 16

striae

Back 16

stretch marks from overstretching of the skin.

Front 17

adipocytes

Back 17

mostly found in the subcutaneous layer. they manufacture and store large quantities of fat.

Front 18

hair follicle

Back 18

sac within which each hair grows. melanocytes are located at the root of the hair follicle and donate the melanin pigment to the cells of the hair fiber.

Front 19

nails

Back 19

are hard keratin plates covering the dorsal surface of the last bones on fingers and toes. composed of keratinocytes that are packed tightly and extend contiuously unless cut or broken.

Front 20

lunula

Back 20

semilunar whitish region at the base of the nail plate. is white because of air in keratin and cells rich in nuclei.

Front 21

cuticle

Back 21

a narrow band of epidermis (layer of keratin) that is at the base and sides of the nail plate

Front 22

paronychium

Back 22

soft tissue surrounding the nail border

Front 23

onycholysis

Back 23

loosening of the nail plate with separation from the nail bed. may occur with infection of the nail and seen in psoriasis.

Front 24

apocrine sweat gland

Back 24

one of the large dermal exocrine glands located in the axilla and genital areas.
is responsible for body odor
also secretes milk after the birth of a child

Front 25

eccrine sweat gland

Back 25

most numerous sweat-producing exocrine gland in the skin
tiny coiled glands found on almost all body surfaces.
mostly found in the palm of the and soles of the feet.
originates in the dermis and extends through the epidermis

Front 26

pore

Back 26

tiny opening on the surface of the skin

Front 27

stratified

Back 27

arranged in layers

Front 28

stratum

Back 28

a layer of cells
plural is strata