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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Latin West
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Territories of Europe that adhered to Latin rite of Christianity. Used Latin language for intellectual exchange in period ca. 1000-1500.
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three-field system
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rotational system for agriculture in which one field grows grains, one legumes, one lies fallow. Gradually replaced two-field system in Medieval Europe.
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Black Death
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Outbreak of bubonic plague. Spread across Asia, N Africa, and Europe in mid 14th century, carrying off vast numbers of persons.
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water wheel
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Mechanism that harnesses energy in flowing water to grind grain or to power machinery. Used in many parts of world but common in Europe 1200-1900.
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Hanseatic League
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Economic and defensive alliance of free towns in N Germany. Founded 1241 and most powerful in 14th century.
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guild
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In medieval Europe: association of men (women rare) such as merchants, artisans, professors. Worked in particular trade and banded together to promote economic/politcal interests. important in Ottoman & Safavid empires.
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Gothic cathedrals
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Large churches from 12th century France. Built in architectural style featuring pointed arches, tall vaults and spires, flying buttresses, and large stained-glass windows.
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Renaissance (European)
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Period of intense artistic & intellectual activity. "Re-
birth" of Greco-Roman culture. Divided into Italian (14th-15th centry) and Northern (15th-17th century; trans-Alpine). |
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universities
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Degree-granting institutions of higher learning. Those that appeared in Latin West 1200s onward became model of all modern universities.
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scholasticism
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Philosophical/theological system. Associated with THomas Aquinas. Devised to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy and Roman Catholic theology in 13th century.
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humanists (Renaissance)
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European scholars, writers, and teachers associated with study of humanities (grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, laguages, moral philosophy). Influential 15th century until later.
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printing press
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A mechanical device for transferring text or graphics from woodblock or type to paper using ink. Presses using movable type first appeared in Europe in 1450.
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Great Western Schism
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Division in Latin (Western) Christian Churchbetween 1378 and 1417 when rival claimants to the papacy existed in Rome and Avignon.
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Hundred Years War
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(1337-1453) Series of campaigns over control of throne of France. Involved English and French royal families and French noble families.
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new moncarchies
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Monarchies in France, England, and Spain (1450-1600. The centralization of royal power was increasing within more or less fixed territorial limits.
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reconquest of Iberia
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Begininning in 11th century, military campaigns by various Iberian Christian states to recapture territory taken by Muslims. (1492) last Muslim ruler defeated, and Spain and Portugal emerged as united kingdoms.
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