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173 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bowman's capsule
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cup-shaped end of renal tubule containing the glomerulus
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calyx
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cup-shaped part of the renal pelvis through which urine passes from the renal tubules
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cortex
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the outer layer of the kidney
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glomerulus
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collection of coiled intertwined capillaries located in the kidney cortex
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kidneys
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two organs on the posterior abdominal wall that filter the blood
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medulla
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the inner layer of the kidney
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nephron
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the structural and functional unit of the kidney
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renal artery
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one of two large arteries branching from the abdominal aorta
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renal pelvis
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the funnel-shaped expansion of the upper end of the ureter
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renal tubule
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long, twisted tube leading from glomerulus to collecting tubules
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renal vein
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one of two large veins that carries blood from the kidneys to the inferior vena cava
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ureter
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the tubular structure through which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder
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urethra
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the passage through which urine is discharged from the bladder
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urinary bladder
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musculomembranous sac that stores urine
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urinary meatus
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opening of the urethra to the exterior
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azoturia
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excess urea in urine
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calculus
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kidney stones
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cystitis
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inflammation of the urinary bladder
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dialysis
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the process of using an artifical kidney to filter waste
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floating kidney
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a kidney not securely fixed in the usual location
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glomerulonephritis
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nephritis with inflammation of the capillary loops
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hydronephrosis
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distention of the renal pelvis with urine
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nephrolithiasis
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a condition marked by the presence of renal calculi
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nephroptosis
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downward displacement of a kidney
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nephrorraphy
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suture of the kidney
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pyelitis
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inflammation of the renal pelvis
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renal failure
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kidney fails to function normally
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renal transplant
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transferring a kidney surgically from one person to another to replace a diseased structure
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uremia
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the retention of toxic body waste in blood
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ureterostomy
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creation of a new outlet for a ureter through the abdominal wall to the outside
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urethritis
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inflammation of the urethra
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UTI
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an infection of the urinary tract
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Wilms' tumor
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a malignant tumor of the kidney
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albuminuria
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abnormal presence of serum albumin in the urine
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anuria
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no urine produced
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bladder distention
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full urinary bladder
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blood chemistries
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blood tests for kidney function
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blood urea nitrogen
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the urea concentration of serum or plasma
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catheterization
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passage of catheter into the bladder
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Clinitest
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popular test for urine glucose
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continent
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able to control urination
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cystoscopy
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visual examination of the urniary tract with a cystoscope
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diuresis
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increased excretion of urine
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dysuria
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painful or difficult urination
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enuresis
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uncontrolled urination while sleeping
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frequency
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desire to urniate at short intervals
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hematuria
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the presence of blood in the urine
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incontinent
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inability to control urination
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intravenous pyelogram
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a technique in radiology for examining the structures of urinary system
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I & O
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intake and output
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KUB
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abreeviation for kidney, ureter, and bladder
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micturate
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urinate
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nocturia
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excessive urination at night
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oliguria
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excreting a small amount of urine
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puria
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pus in the urine
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retrograde pyelogram
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a technique in radilogy for examining the strucutres of the collecting system of the kidneys
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scan
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an image produced after the patient is injected with a radioactive substance
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Testape
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special paper that acanges color when dipped in urine
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ultrasonography
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imaging body structures by recording the echoes of high-frequency sound waves relefected by body tissues on a paper or other device
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urinalysis
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analysis of the urine
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urinary retention
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inability to urinate for various reasons
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vesico-
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pertaining to the bladder
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void
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to empty the bladder
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Cowper's glands
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pea-sized glands that secrete lubricating fluid during intercourse
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glans penis
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tip of the pnis
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penis
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the organ of copulation
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perineum
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area between the scrotum and anus
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prepuce
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foreskin
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prostate gland
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gland surrounding the neck of the bladder and urethra
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scrotum
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two-compartment sac outside the body that houses the testes
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testis
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one of the pair o male gonads that produce semen
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ducts
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narrow tubular structures for excretion of semen and spermatozoa
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epididymis
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a duct bordering the testes for storage, transit, and maturation of sperm
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vas deferens
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extension of the epidymis that joins the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct
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seminal duct
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the passages for conveyance of spermatozoa and semen
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ejaculatory duct vesicle
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the duct formed by union of the vas deferens and the duct of the seminal vesicle
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urethra
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opening for sperm and urine passage to the outside of the body
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accessory galnds
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their secretions mix with sperm to form seminal fluid
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external glands
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scrotum and penis
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Bartholin's glands
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small mucus-secreting glands located near the vagina
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clitoris
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ereticle tissue at junction of labia majora and labia minora
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hymen
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thin elastic connective tissue covering the vaginal opening
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cervix
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necklike section at lower end of uterus
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fallopian tubes
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ducts in which fertilization occurs and passageway for ova to the uterus
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ovary
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the female gonad
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uterus
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cavity opening into the vagina below and into a fallopian tube on either side
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vagina
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birth canal and receptacle for copulation
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labia majora
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two outer folds of skin on either side of the vaginal orifice
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labia minora
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two thin folds of skin within the folds of the labia majora
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mammary glands
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female breasts
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mons pubis
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mound of fatty tissue over the pubis
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perineum
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area between vaginal orifice and anus
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benign prostatic hypertrophy
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enlargement of the prostate gland
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circumcision
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removing foreskin
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cryptorchidism
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undescended testicle
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epididymitis
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inflammation of the epididymis
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hydrocele
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fluid collected in the testes
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orchiectomy
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castration
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orchiopexy
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fixation of an undescended testis in the scrotum
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orchitis
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inflammation of a testis
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prostatectomy
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excision of all or part of the prostate
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variocele
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varicose veins near the testes
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vasectomy
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male sterilization by cutting or tying the vas deferens
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abortion
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expulsion from the uterus of the products of conception before the fetus is viable
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Bartholin's cyst or abscess
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chronic or acute inflammation of Bartholin's gland
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colporrhaphy
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suture of the vagina
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colposcopy
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examination of the cervix by means of a colposcope
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cystocele
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hernia of the bladder into the vagina
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dilatation and curettage
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dilating the uterine cervix andusing a curette to scrape the endometrium of the uterus
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endometriosis
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cells of the lining of the uterus spreading into the pelvis
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fibroids
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colloquial term for benign tumor of the uterus
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fistula
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an abnormal passage between two internal organs
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hydrosalpinx
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fluid collecting in the uterine tube
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hysterectomy
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excision of the uterus
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hysterosalpingogram
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an x-ray film of the uterus and the fallopian tubes to allow visualization of the cavity of the uterus and the passageway of the tubes
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laparoscopy
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laparoscopic visualization of the peritoneal cavity
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leukorrhea
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a whitish, viscid discharge from the vagina
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miscarriage
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spontaneous abortion
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monilia
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yeastlike fungus infection of the vagina and other body parts
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oophorectomy
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excision of one or both ovaries
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pelvic examination
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a diagnostic procedure in which the external and internal genitalia are physically examined
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pelvic inflammatory disease
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any inflammatory condition of the female pelvic organs
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prolapse of uterus
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downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina
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salpingectomy
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excision of one or both fallopian tubes
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salpingitis
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inflammation of one or both fallopian tubes
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trichomonas infection
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inflammation of the vagina by a parasite
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tubal ligation
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sertilization by tying both fallopian tubes
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vaginal speculum
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an instrument used to dilate the vagina during a pelvic examination
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AIDS
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a fatal disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus
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chlamydia
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a widespread sexually transmitted bacterial infection that invades the urethra of men and the vagina and cervix of women
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gonorrhea
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inflammation of the mucous membranes of the genital tract
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genital herpes
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a highly contagious venereal disease caused by the type 2 herpes simplex virus
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genital warts
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small, fleshy growths on the external genitalia
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syphilis
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a chronic, infectious disease caused by spirochete bacteria
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amniocentesis
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taking a sample of amniotic fluid
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amnion
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amniotic sac
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anesthesia
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loss of feeling or sensation
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antepartum
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period from conceptionto onset of labor
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Apgar
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the evaluation of an infant's physical condition
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bloody show
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appearance of blood forerunning labor
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caesarean
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a surgical procedure in which the abdomen and uterus are incised and a baby is delivered
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cephalopelvic disproportion
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a condition in which the fetal head is too large for the mother's pelvis
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Coombs' test
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a blood test to diagnose hemolytic anemias in a newborn
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dystocia
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abnormal labor or childbirth
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ectopic pregnancy
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pregnancy outside the uterus
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EDC
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expected date of confinement
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episiotomy
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surgical incision into the perineum
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fetal heart tones
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the fetal heart sounds heard through the mother's abdomen in pregnancy
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forceps delivery
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applying forceps to fetal head
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gestation
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period from conception to birth
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gravida
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a pregnant woman
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ICN
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intensive care nursery
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induction
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labor is initiated artificially
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insemination
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the depositing of seminal fluid within the vagina or cervix
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intrapartum
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period from onset of labor thorugh first hour after delivery
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LMP
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last menstrual period
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lochia
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a vaginal discharge during the first week or two after childbirth
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meconium
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expelled as first stool
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multigravida
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a woman who has had more than one pregnancy
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multipara
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a woman who has borne more than one viable infant
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neonatal period
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the first 4 weeks after birth
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obstetrical index
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the number of pregnancies, term delieveries, abortions, and stillbirths a woman has experienced
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pelvimeter
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an instrument used to measure the capacity and diameter of the pelvis for delivery
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placenta
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organ for exchange of nutrients and wastes between mother and fetus
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postpartum
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6-week period following childbirth
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prenatal
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before birth
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presentation
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the position of a baby in utero
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primipara
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a woman bearing her first viable child
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stillborn
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born dead
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test tube baby
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the fertilization of an ovum outside of the uterus
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toxemia
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a group of pathologic condiditons
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trimester
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a period of 12 weeks
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vernix caseosa
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a "cheesy" white substance on the skin of the newborn
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