Chapter 16

Front 1

stromalite:

Back 1

dome shaped rocks

Front 2

Explain what Earths oldest fossils indicate about the history of life

Back 2

they show that early organisms lived in colonies

Front 3

summarize a hypothetical four-stage sequence for how life could have begun

Back 3

1. origin of small organic molecules 2. formation of organic polymers 3. the rna world 4. formation of pre cells

Front 4

identify two hypotheses about where life began

Back 4

1. shallow water or clay 2. deep-sea vents

Front 5

archaea:

Back 5

prokaryotes

Front 6

spirochete:

Back 6

the largest spiral shaped bacteria

Front 7

bacteria:

Back 7

different cel structure than archaea

Front 8

binary fission:

Back 8

when prokaryotic cells divide

Front 9

endospore:

Back 9

resting cells

Front 10

bacillus:

Back 10

rod shaped bacteria

Front 11

cyanobacteria:

Back 11

a photoautotrophic group of bacteria

Front 12

coccuss:

Back 12

bacteria that cause pneumonia

Front 13

bioremedation:

Back 13

the use of organisms to remove pollutants from water air and soil

Front 14

explain how prokaryotes recycle chemicals between organic matter and the nonliving environment

Back 14

they break down the materials and take the chemicals to put them in the soil and the air

Front 15

pathogen:

Back 15

bacteria that cause deasease

Front 16

lytic cycle:

Back 16

the phage attaches to the host and injects its dna

Front 17

lysogenic cycle:

Back 17

the phages attaches to the host and injects its genes

Front 18

retrovirus:

Back 18

virus that makes information go from rna to dna instead of dna to rna

Front 19

vaccine:

Back 19

small peices of pathogens that stimulates the immune system to defend against the actual pathogen

Front 20

protist:

Back 20

eukaryotes that are not animals

Front 21

protozoan:

Back 21

heterotraphs that eat food

Front 22

alga:

Back 22

plant-like protists

Front 23

zoooflagellate:

Back 23

move by means of one or more flagella

Front 24

pseudopodium:

Back 24

temporary extensions of cytoplasm that move an ameoba

Front 25

foram:

Back 25

a protozoan group with pseupodia

Front 26

ciliate:

Back 26

a diverse group of protozoans named for their use of hair-like projections to move.

Front 27

plasmodial slime mold:

Back 27

a branching growth on a decaying log

Front 28

plasmodium:

Back 28

a unisellular mode

Front 29

sporangia:

Back 29

reproduceing structures

Front 30

cellular slime mold:

Back 30

decomposers that live on decaying organic matter

Front 31

euglenoid:

Back 31

single-celled protists

Front 32

dinoflagellate:

Back 32

unicellular protists

Front 33

plankton:

Back 33

communities of microscopic organisms that live in water

Front 34

phytoplankton:

Back 34

photosynthetic plankton

Front 35

zooplankton:

Back 35

the individual plankton

Front 36

diatom:

Back 36

a glass-like cell wall

Front 37

seaweed:

Back 37

large multicellular marine algea

Front 38

endosymbiosis:

Back 38

chloroplasts and mitochondria

Front 39

plasmodial slime mold:

Back 39

a branching growth on a decaying log

Front 40

plasmodium:

Back 40

a unisellular mode

Front 41

sporangia:

Back 41

reproduceing structures

Front 42

cellular slime mold:

Back 42

decomposers that live on decaying organic matter

Front 43

euglenoid:

Back 43

single-celled protists

Front 44

plasmodial slime mold:

Back 44

a branching growth on a decaying log

Front 45

dinoflagellate:

Back 45

unicellular protists

Front 46

plasmodium:

Back 46

a unisellular mode

Front 47

plankton:

Back 47

communities of microscopic organisms that live in water

Front 48

sporangia:

Back 48

reproduceing structures

Front 49

phytoplankton:

Back 49

photosynthetic plankton

Front 50

cellular slime mold:

Back 50

decomposers that live on decaying organic matter

Front 51

zooplankton:

Back 51

the individual plankton

Front 52

euglenoid:

Back 52

single-celled protists

Front 53

plasmodial slime mold:

Back 53

a branching growth on a decaying log

Front 54

diatom:

Back 54

a glass-like cell wall

Front 55

dinoflagellate:

Back 55

unicellular protists

Front 56

plasmodium:

Back 56

a unisellular mode

Front 57

seaweed:

Back 57

large multicellular marine algea

Front 58

plankton:

Back 58

communities of microscopic organisms that live in water

Front 59

sporangia:

Back 59

reproduceing structures

Front 60

endosymbiosis:

Back 60

chloroplasts and mitochondria

Front 61

phytoplankton:

Back 61

photosynthetic plankton

Front 62

cellular slime mold:

Back 62

decomposers that live on decaying organic matter

Front 63

zooplankton:

Back 63

the individual plankton

Front 64

euglenoid:

Back 64

single-celled protists

Front 65

diatom:

Back 65

a glass-like cell wall

Front 66

dinoflagellate:

Back 66

unicellular protists

Front 67

seaweed:

Back 67

large multicellular marine algea

Front 68

plankton:

Back 68

communities of microscopic organisms that live in water

Front 69

endosymbiosis:

Back 69

chloroplasts and mitochondria

Front 70

phytoplankton:

Back 70

photosynthetic plankton

Front 71

zooplankton:

Back 71

the individual plankton

Front 72

diatom:

Back 72

a glass-like cell wall

Front 73

seaweed:

Back 73

large multicellular marine algea

Front 74

endosymbiosis:

Back 74

chloroplasts and mitochondria