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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Name the 3 basic types of abnormal breath sounds that you might hear upon auscultation of the thorax that may be early indicators of impending respiratory distress
wheezing, rhonchi, crackles
A high pitched, musical, whistling sound that is best heard initially on exhalation but may also be heard on inhalation in more severe cases
Wheezing
Snoring or rattling noises heard from auscultation
Rhonchi
A bubbly or crackling sounds heard during inhalation aka rales
Crackles
Decreased oxygen levels in the blood
Hypoxemia
Shortness of breath or perceived difficulty in breathing
Dyspnea
Absence of breathing; respiratory arrest
Apnea
The absence of sufficient oxygen in the body cells
Hypoxia
Constriction of the smooth muscles of the bronchi and bronchioles
Bronchoconstriction
A drug that relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles and reverse bronchoconstriction
Bronchodilator
Increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood aka hypercapnia
Hypercarbia
Increased respiratory effort resulting from impaired respiratory function
Respiratory Distress
Inadequate respiratory rate and or tidal volume
Respiratory Failure
Complete stoppage of breathing
Respiratory Arrest
Name the Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases:
Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, asthma
A permanent disease process that is characterized by destruction of the alveolar walls and distention of the alveolar sacs. Patho-the lung tissue loses it's elasticity, the alveoli become distended with trapped air, and the walls of the alveoli are destroyed
Emphysema
Inflammation, swelling, and thickening of the lining of the bronchi and bronchioles and excessive mucous production
Chronic Bronchitis
An increased sensitivity of the lower airways to irritants and allergens, causing bronchospasm, which is a diffuse reversible narrowing of the bronchioles, as well as inflammation to the lining of the bronchioles
Asthma
Name some of the other conditions that cause Respiratory Distress:
pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, acute pulmonary edema, spontaneous pneumothorax, hyperventilation syndrome, epiglottis, pertussis, cystic fibrosis, and poisonous exposure
A primarily acute infectious disease caused by bacterium or a virus that affects the lower-respiratory tract and causes lung inflammation and fluid or pus-filled alveoli
Pneumonia
A sudden blockage of blood flow through a pulmonary artery or one of its branches
Pulmonary Embolism
When an excessive amount of fluid collects in the spaces between the alveoli and the capillaries
Acute Pulmonary Edema
A sudden rupture of a portion of the visceral lining of the lung, not caused by trauma, that causes the lung to partially collapse
Spontaneous Pneumothorax
A device consisting of a plastic container and a canister of medication that is used to form an aerosolized medications that a PT can inhale
metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
A device that uses compressed air or oxygen to nebulize a liquid medication into a mist that a PT can inhale
small-volume nebulizer (SVN)
A chamber that is connected to the metered-dose inhaler to collect the medication until it is inhaled
Spacer
How soon do bronchodilators being to work and how long do they last?
Almost immediately and up to 8 hours
A position in which the PT sits upright, leans slightly forward, and supports the body w/ the arms in front and elbows locked. The position commonly found in respiratory distress
Tripod Position
A drop in BP of more than 10 mmHg during inhalation resulting from increased pressure within the chest that suppresses the filing of the ventricles of the heart w/ blood
Pulsus Paradoxus