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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the 3 basic types of abnormal breath sounds that you might hear upon auscultation of the thorax that may be early indicators of impending respiratory distress
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wheezing, rhonchi, crackles
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A high pitched, musical, whistling sound that is best heard initially on exhalation but may also be heard on inhalation in more severe cases
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Wheezing
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Snoring or rattling noises heard from auscultation
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Rhonchi
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A bubbly or crackling sounds heard during inhalation aka rales
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Crackles
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Decreased oxygen levels in the blood
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Hypoxemia
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Shortness of breath or perceived difficulty in breathing
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Dyspnea
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Absence of breathing; respiratory arrest
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Apnea
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The absence of sufficient oxygen in the body cells
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Hypoxia
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Constriction of the smooth muscles of the bronchi and bronchioles
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Bronchoconstriction
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A drug that relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles and reverse bronchoconstriction
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Bronchodilator
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Increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood aka hypercapnia
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Hypercarbia
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Increased respiratory effort resulting from impaired respiratory function
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Respiratory Distress
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Inadequate respiratory rate and or tidal volume
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Respiratory Failure
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Complete stoppage of breathing
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Respiratory Arrest
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Name the Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases:
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Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, asthma
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A permanent disease process that is characterized by destruction of the alveolar walls and distention of the alveolar sacs. Patho-the lung tissue loses it's elasticity, the alveoli become distended with trapped air, and the walls of the alveoli are destroyed
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Emphysema
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Inflammation, swelling, and thickening of the lining of the bronchi and bronchioles and excessive mucous production
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Chronic Bronchitis
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An increased sensitivity of the lower airways to irritants and allergens, causing bronchospasm, which is a diffuse reversible narrowing of the bronchioles, as well as inflammation to the lining of the bronchioles
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Asthma
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Name some of the other conditions that cause Respiratory Distress:
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pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, acute pulmonary edema, spontaneous pneumothorax, hyperventilation syndrome, epiglottis, pertussis, cystic fibrosis, and poisonous exposure
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A primarily acute infectious disease caused by bacterium or a virus that affects the lower-respiratory tract and causes lung inflammation and fluid or pus-filled alveoli
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Pneumonia
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A sudden blockage of blood flow through a pulmonary artery or one of its branches
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Pulmonary Embolism
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When an excessive amount of fluid collects in the spaces between the alveoli and the capillaries
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Acute Pulmonary Edema
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A sudden rupture of a portion of the visceral lining of the lung, not caused by trauma, that causes the lung to partially collapse
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Spontaneous Pneumothorax
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A device consisting of a plastic container and a canister of medication that is used to form an aerosolized medications that a PT can inhale
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metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
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A device that uses compressed air or oxygen to nebulize a liquid medication into a mist that a PT can inhale
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small-volume nebulizer (SVN)
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A chamber that is connected to the metered-dose inhaler to collect the medication until it is inhaled
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Spacer
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How soon do bronchodilators being to work and how long do they last?
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Almost immediately and up to 8 hours
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A position in which the PT sits upright, leans slightly forward, and supports the body w/ the arms in front and elbows locked. The position commonly found in respiratory distress
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Tripod Position
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A drop in BP of more than 10 mmHg during inhalation resulting from increased pressure within the chest that suppresses the filing of the ventricles of the heart w/ blood
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Pulsus Paradoxus
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