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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
mold
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Type of fossil that is essentially and imprint in rock in the shape of an organism.
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cast
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Molds that are filled with hard minerals. A rocklike model of the organism.
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law of superposition
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states that successive layers of rock or soil were deposited on top of on another by wind or water.
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stratum
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a layer of earth
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relative age
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stating that a fossil is younger or older than another fossil using steno's law.
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absolute age
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It's age in years. estimated from the amount of sediment deposited above the fossil.
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extinct
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dissappeared after living for a while
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mas extinctions
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brief periods during which large numbers of species disappeared.
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biogeography
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The study of the geographical distribution of fossils and of living organisms.
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aquired trait
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a trait that is not determined by genes.
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natural selection
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organisms best suited to their environment reproduce more successfully than other organisms.
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population
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interbreeding single-species group
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uniformitarianism
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the geological structure of Earth resulted from cycles of observable processes and that these same processes operate continuously through time.
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adapt
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their proportion of genes for favorable traits increase.
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fitness
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a single organism's genetic contribution to the next generation
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adaptive advantage
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A favorable trait
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homologous
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similar features that originated in a shared ancestor.
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analogous
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serve identical functions, and look somewhat alike. have different embryological development though and can be different in internal anatomy
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vestigial
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useless features
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conserved
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remained unchanged.
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coevolution
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the change of two or more species in close association with each other.
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convergent evolution
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organisms that appear to be very similar but are not closely related at all.
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divergent evolution
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two or more related populations or species become more and more dissimilar.
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adaptive radiation
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many related species evolve from a single ancestral species.
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artificial selection
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speeding up the process of divergence artificially.
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