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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Thermal Energy
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the kinetic energy of moving particles of a substance or an object. The more of this energy, the warmer it is
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Temperature
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a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of an object. Tne faster they move they higher the temperature
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Farenheit (F)
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the way temperature is given in the US. Water freezes at 32 degreees F and boils at 212 degrees
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Celcius scale
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water freezes at 0 (zero) degrees and boils at 100 degrees
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Heat
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the transfer of thermal energy from warmer objects to cooler ones
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3 processes that transfer thermal energy
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-conduction
-convection -radiation |
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Conduction
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the transfer of thermal energy when 2 objects touch. When a warmer solid touches a cooler one, some of the warmer solid's thermal energy transfers to the cooler solid. (ex a hot handle of a pot transfers the heat to your hand)
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convection
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the transfer of thermal energy through fluid. The fluid can be liquid or gas
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radiation
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the transfer of thermal energy as waves, example the sun or a microwave
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insulation
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a substance that conducts thermal energy poorly. Example - thermal socks
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How doe thermal socks keep your feet warm?
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thermal energy moves from an object that has a higher temp (your feet) to an object that has a lower temp (the air) The socks prevent the thermal energy in your feet from moving into the cooler air.
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FIBERGLASS
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IS NOT A GOOD CONDUCTOR OF THERMAL ENERGY
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Static electricity
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an electric charge builds up on an object that has gained or lost electrons. It is a temporary charge.
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current electricity
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the flow of electrons through a wire. Most of our electricity is powered from a local energy plant, but not all energy comed from an energy plant
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How can a calculator work without a battery?
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some calculators can use more than one kind of energy. They can use solar power in the light and chemical energy from a battery in the dark
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Hydroelectric energy
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the energy from falling water that drives the turbines
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geothermal energy
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an energy source that uses steam from supplies of hot water lying deep underground
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fossil fuels
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the primary source of energy in the US. an example is oil and coal They are non-renewable.
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renewable sources
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examples are wind, solar and moving water. using them can help to conserve non -renewable resources.
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non renewable resources
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resources that can be used up and then are gone forever- fossil fuels
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circuit
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a continuous path through which electrons flow. There are two types - series and parallel
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series
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there is only one path for the current to follow. The devices in a circuit are called resistors. If any part of a series circuit fails, the entire circuit fails.
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parallel circuit
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devices are connected along separate paths. If something stops electrons from moving along one path, they can take another path.
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How can you tell a paralle or series circuit apart?
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If you have a string of electric lights, you could fnd out whether the lights are connected in a series of parallel circuit by removing one of the bulbs after you plug them in. If the rest of the lights stay on, they are connected in a parallel circuit. If they all go off it is a series circuit.
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electomagnet
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a temporary magnet made by passing an electric current through a coil of wire that surrounds an iron core.
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How does an electromagnet have an advantage over a permanent magnet?
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the electomagnet can be turned off
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