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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Eukaryotes have 3 RNA polymerases dedicated to what types of RNA?
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mRNA
tRNA rRNA |
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bacterial RNA polymerase requires one or two transcription factors at most. Eukaryotic RNA polymerases require how many factors?
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Numerous
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Eukaryotic RNA polymerase requires factors to modify what to allow RNA poly. access
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chromatin structure
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RNA polymerase I
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transcribes genes for 5.8S, 18S, and 28S rRNAs
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RNA polymerase II
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transcribes protein-coding genes and some gense encoding snRNAs
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RNA polymerase III
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transcribes genes for small RNAs such as 5S rRNA and tRNA
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Which has more complex RNA polymerases - Eukaryotic RNA polymerases or Prokaryotic ones
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Eukaryotic RNA polymerases
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What does the bridge helix act as?
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Ratchet to advance RNA polymerase on DNA
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DNA microarrays uses
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-measure response of many genes to hormones or other signals
-measure tissue-specific, cell cylce specific, and tumor-specific gene activation and repression |
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TATA box
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-TATAXAX consensus sequence
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Initiator element
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-lnr
-overlaps the transcription initiation site |
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downstream promoter element
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-DPE
-extends from about +28 to +34 |
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TFIIB recognition element
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BRE
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TFIID Factor
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Binds TATA box and deforms promoter DNA. Platform for the assembly of TFIIB, TFIIA, and TAFs. Binds Inr and DPE promoter elements
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TFIIB Factor
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Binds TBP, RNA polymerase II, and promoter DNA. its N-terminal region has finger structure that inserts into RNA polymerase II active site cleft. It helps fix the transcription initiation site.
- binds at BRE |
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TFIIH Factor
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Transcription and DNA repair. It has kinase and helicase activities and is essential for open complex formation
-binds is recruited by TFIIB -TFIIH also regulates TFIIH's helicase activity -binding of TFIIH completes the pre-initiation complex |
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TBP-binding protein
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-TATA-binding protein is saddle shaped
-interaction b/t TBP and the TATA box involves conformational changes in both TBP and the TATA box -TBP interacts w/ TATA in the minor groove -component of TFIID |
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TBP=associated factors (TAFs) bind promoter elemnts other than TATA box
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-Inr
-DPE |
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Gel mobility shift assay can be used to determine what?
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protein binding order
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TFIH Factor (more)
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DNA helicase
-ten subunits -ring shaped -has 5' to 3' and 3' to 5' helicase activities -also has cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity |
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Pausing leads to what?
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Arres and termination
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Arrest is an important step in what?
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Proofreading
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TFIIS does what?
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Reactivates arrested RNA polymerase II
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