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168 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define: Cancellous bone
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spoongy, porous, bone tissue in inner part of bone
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Define: Compact bone
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hard, dense, bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bone
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Define: cranial bone
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skull bones: ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal
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Define: diaphysis
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shaft, or mid-portion of long bone
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Define: epiphyseal plate
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cartilaginous area at ends of long bone where lengthwise growth takes place in immature skeleton
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Define: facial bones
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bones of face, lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer and zygomatic
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Define: foramen
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Opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter
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Define: olecranon
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large process on proximal end of ulna, the point of flexed elbow
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Define: Osteoblasts
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bone cell that helps form bony tissue
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Define: osteoclast
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bone cells that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue
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Define: periosteum
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membrane surrounding bones: rich in blood vessels and nerves
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Define: red bone marrow
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found in cancellous bone, site of hematopoiesis
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Define: styloid process
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pole-like process extending downward from temporal bone in each side of skull
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Define: trochanter
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large process at the neck of femur; attachment site for muscles and tendons
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Define: vertebra
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individual backbone composed of vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, lamina, and neural canal
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calc/o, calci/o
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calcium
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hypercalcemia
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excessive calcium in blood
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decalcification
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process of making a lack of calcium in blood
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kyph/o
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posterior curvature, hunchback
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kyphosis
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condition of posterior survature
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lamin/o
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lamina,part of vertebral arch
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laminectomy
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excision of lamina
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lord/o
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anterior curvature, swayback
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lordosis
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condition of swayback
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lumb/o
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loins, lower back
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lumbar
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pertaining to lower back
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lumbosacral
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pertaining to lower back and sacrum
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myel/o
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bone marrow
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myelopoiesis
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formation of bone marrow
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orth/o
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straight
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orthopedics
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straightening bones
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oste/o
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bone
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osteodystrophy
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abnormal bone formation
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osteogenesis
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formation of bone
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scoli/o
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crooked, lateral curvature
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scoliosis
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condition of bent back
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spondyl/o
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vertebra
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spondylosis
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abnormal condition of vertebra
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-blast
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embryonic,or immature cell
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-clast
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to break
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-listhesis
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slipping
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spondylolisthesis
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forward displacement of vertebra, slipping backbone
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-malacia
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softening
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osteomalacia
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softening bone
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-physis
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to grow
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epiphysis
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to grow above, end of bone
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pubic symphysis
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to grow together at pubic area
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-porosis
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pore, passage
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-tome
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instrument to cut
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osteoporosis
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bone pore, holes in bone
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osteotome
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instrument to cut bone
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acetabul/o
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acetabulum, hip socket
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calcane/o
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calcaneous, heel
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carp/o
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carpal,wrist bones
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clavicul/o
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clavicle, collar bone
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cost/o
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ribs
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chondrocostal
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pertaining to cartilage of ribs
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crani/o
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cranium, skull
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craniotomy
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incision of skull
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craniotome
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instrument to cut skull
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femor/o
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femur, thigh bone
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fibul/o
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fibula, smaller lower leg bone
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humer/o
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humerus
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ili/o
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ilium, upper pt of pelvic bone
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ischi/o
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ischium, posterior pat of pelvic bone
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malleol/o
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malleolus, process at each side of ankle
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mandibul/o
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mandible
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maxill/o
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maxilla
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metacarp/o
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metacarpals, hand bone
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metatars/o
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metatarsals foot bone
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olecran/o
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olecranon, elbow
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patell/o
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patella, knee cap
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pelv/i
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pelvis, hipbone
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pelvimetry
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measurment of pelvis
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perone/o
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fibula
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phalang/o
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phanlanges
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pub/o
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pubis, anterior part of pelvic bone
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radi/o
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radius lower arm bone thumb side
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scapul/o
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scapula, shoulder blade
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stern/o
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sternum breast bone
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tars/o
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tarsals bones of hind foot
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tarsectomy
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excision of tarsals
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tibi/o
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tibia, shin bone
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uln/o
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ulna, lower arm bone finger side
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Condition: fracture
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traumatic breaking of bone
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condition: closed fracture
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bone broken, skin is not
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condition: open fracture
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both skin and bone are broken aka compound fracture
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condition: comminuted fracture
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bone broken in several places
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Condition: compression fracture
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bone is compressed, usually in vertebra
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condition: greenstick fracture
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partially broken bone, breaks on one side bends on the other
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condition: impacted fracture
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one fragment is pressed on the other firmly
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condition: osteomalacia
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softening of bone with inadequate amounts of mineral in bone
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condition: osteoporosis
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decrease in bone density, thinning and weakening of bone aka osteopenia
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define: bursa
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closed sac of synovial fluid
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define: ligament
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CT binding bones to bone, supports strengthens and stabilizes joint
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define: tendon
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CT binding muscle to bone
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ankyl/o
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siff
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ankylosis
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condition of stiff
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hemarthrosis
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condition of blood in joint
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hydroarthrosis
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condition of water in joint
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polyarthritis
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inflammation of many joints
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articul/o
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joint
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articular cartilage
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pertaining to cartilage of joints
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burs/o
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bursa
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chondr/o
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cartilage
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achrondroplasia
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lack of development of cartilage
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chondroma
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benign tumor of cartilage
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chondromalaicia
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softening of cartilage
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rheumat/o
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watery flow
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rheumatologist
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one specializing in the study of various forms of arthritis marked by collection of fluid in joint
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synov/o
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synovial membrane
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ten/o, tendin/o
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tendon
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tenorrhaphy
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suture of tendon
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tenosynovitis
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inflammed tendon and synovial membrane
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-desis
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to bind, tie together
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arthrodesis
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to bind joints
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-stenosis
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narrowing
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striated muscle
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make up voluntary or skeletal muscle
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smooth muscle
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makes up involuntary or visceral muscle
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cardiac muscle
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striated in appearance but like smooth muscle by action and involuntarily controlled
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fasci/o
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fascia, forms sheaths of enveloping muscle
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fibr/o
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fibrous CT
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fasciactomy
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incision of fascia
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fibromyalgia
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pain of fibrous CT and muscle
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leiomy/o
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smooth, visceral muscle
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leiomyoma
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mass of smooth muscle
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leiosarcoma
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mass of smooth muscle and flesh
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my/o, myos/o
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muscle
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plant/o
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sole of foot
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rhabdomy/o
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seletal muscle connected to bone
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rhabdomyoma
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mass of skeletal muscle
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-asthenia
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lack of strength
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myasthenia gravis
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muscle lose strength due to failure in transmission of nerve impulses from nerve to muscle cells
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-trophy
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nourishment, development
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two mineral substances needed for development of bones
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calcium, phosporus
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physician who treats bones and bone diseases
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orthopedist
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series of bone canals containing blood vessels
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haversian canal
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rounded process at joint
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condyle
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shallow cavity in bone
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fossa
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round process of attachment
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tubercle
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big process on femur for attachment
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trochanter
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opening of bone for vessels and nerves
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foramen
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narrow deep slit like oepning
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fissure
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forms forehead
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frontal bone
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cheek bone
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zygomatic
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forms roof and upper side of skull
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parietal
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two paired bones at corner of eye
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lacrimal
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bone near ear connected to lower jaw
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temporal
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acromion
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outward extension of shoulder
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exostosis
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benign tumors from bone surface
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talipes
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clubfoot
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sppondyloisthesis
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subluxation of vertebra
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subluxation
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partial displacement of bone from joint
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arthrodesis
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surgical fixation of joint
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podagra
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pain in big toe from gouty arthritis
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pyrexia
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fever
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sciatica
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pain from back to leg
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achondroplasia
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inherited condition which bones of limbs fail to grow b/c of defect in cartilage and bone formation
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ganglion
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cystic mass arising from tendon in wrist
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gouty arthritis
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inflammation of joints caused by accumulation of uric acid
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osteoarthritis
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degenerative bone disease
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ankylosing spondylitis
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chronic progressive arthritis with stiffening joints
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carpal tunnel syndrome
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compression of median nerve in wrist
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bunion
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abnormal swelling of metarsophalangeal joint
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lyme disease
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tick-borne bacterium causes this type of arthritis
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rheumatoid arthritis
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chronic joint disease with inflamed and painful joints marked by swollen and thickened synovial membranes
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systemic lupus arthritis
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chronic inflammatory disease disease affecting skin, kidneys, heart, lungs and joints
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leiomyosarcoma
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malignant tumor of smooth muscle
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