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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Where does fertilization happen |
Fallopian Tube; forming zygote |
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Where does zygote travel? What does it form? |
Travels toward uterus, undergoing rapid cell division, forming a manula (cells) then making a blastocyst |
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Implantation |
When blastocyst attaches to The endometrium |
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What does trophoblast secrete |
HCG |
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Role of HCG and how? |
To maintain corpus luterum
(by keeping estrogen and progesterone levels up to maintain endometrium.) |
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How is menstruation prevented during pregnancy |
By HCG being secreted to maintain corpus luterum and endometrium. Estrogen and progesterone levels stay up |
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What takes over progesterone and estrogen secretion by second trimester |
The placenta |
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Gastrulation |
The process of forming the 3 primary germ layers |
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What are the 3 primary germ layers? |
Ectoderm (outer), endoderm (inner), mesoderm (middle) |
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What does the ectoderm form into? |
Brain, spinal cord, sense organs |
Outer |
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What does the endoderm form into |
Digestive and respiratory systems |
Inner |
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What does the mesoderm form into |
Skeleton, muscles, circulatory and excretory systems |
Middle |
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Which 4 embryonic membranes form during development? |
Chorion, amnion, yolk sac, allantois |
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What does the chorion do? |
Forms the placenta amnion |
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Amnion does what? |
Encloses embryo |
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What is the yolk sac for |
The site for early blood cell formation |
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Allantois |
Grows outward from fetus to chorion, and later becomes umbilical cord |
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What does cleavage allow for zygote |
The ⬆ in cell #, but not overall size |
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What is meant by "embryonic period of development" |
When cells divide and become redistributed, with tissues, developing embryonic structures, and organs forming. |
Period of development within the first 8 weeks |
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What is meant by "fetal period of development" |
When body grows rapidly and organs begin to function and coordinate to form organ systems |
Takes place from 9th week to birth |
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What happens to many of the sperm that enter female reproductory tract |
-don't survive -destroyed by naturally acidic environment of vagina -go the wrong way; entering egg less oviduct |
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What is the zygote |
The cell that's formed after egg formation (egg and sperm met up) |
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How many chromosomes pairs are in zygote |
23 pairs |
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Blastocyst- name 2 parts and what will they develop into? |
has trophoblast (developing to placenta and blood vessels that will nourish it) and inner cell mass (develop to embryo) |
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implantation, when is it done |
in 1 week in fertilization, embryo and endometrium attach. complete in day 14 of fertilization |
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where is HcG secreted from? |
trophoblast when implantation starts |
"Human Chorionic Gonoadotroph" |
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What feedback is partition? |
A positive feedback mechanism |
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Pathway of birth feedback? |
Pituitary, oxytocin, uterine contractions, cervical stretching |
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What control does parturition involve |
Both hormonal and neural control |
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What are the hormones for birth? (3) |
Relaxin, oxytocin, prolactin |
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What is relaxin for and from? |
From uterus/placenta, and Causes cervix to dilate (open up) |
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What is oxytocin for and from? |
It is a muscle stimulant (causes contractions) and from pituitary |
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What is prolactin for? |
Milk production (released from pituitary) |
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Lactations is under ______ control |
Hormonal |
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When does milk production occur? |
A few days after delivery |
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What hormone is involved in milk production? |
Prolactin |
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What hormone is involved in the release of milk? |
Oxytocin |
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What are the steps involved in milk production? |
Sucking by baby signals hypothalamus to cause pituitary to release oxytocin. |
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Does oxytocin promote milk release? |
Yes |
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What forms in trimester 1 of development? 2nd month? |
Germ layers form, cell differentiation forms organs.
In 2nd month, most major organ systems develop, limlo buds form. |
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What systems are first to develop in baby ? |
The nervous and circulatory systems |
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What happens in trimester 2 in development? |
-Fetus increases in size and bony skeleton begin to form. -Fetal movements can be felt by mother Fun fact: Sex can be determined on 18th week. |
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What happens in trimester 3 in development? |
Fetus continues to grow. Testes in males descend. Circulatory and respiratory systems mature in preparation for air breathing. |
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