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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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evolution
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change over time
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theory
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well supported testable explantion
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fossils
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remains of ancient organisms
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Hutton an Lyell
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helped scientists recognize that earth is many millions of years old
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Lamarck
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proposed that by selective use or disuse of organs, organisms acquired or lost certain traits during their lifetime. these traits could then be passed in to their offspring. over time, this process led to change in a species.
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Malthus
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reasoned that if the human population continued to grow unchecked, sooner or later there would be insufficient living space and food for everyone
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natural variation
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differences among individuals of a species, is found in all types of organisms.
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artificial selection
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breeders were able to produce a wide range of plants among different organisms
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struggle for existence
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members of each species compete regularly to obtain food, living space, and other necessities
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fitness
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any inherited characteristic that increases an organisms chance of survival
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survival of the fittest
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only the strongest survive
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natural selection
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results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population. these changes increase a species fitness in its environment
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common descent
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all derived from common ancestors
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Darwin argued that...
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living things have been evolving on earth for millions of years
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homologous structures
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different mature forms but from the same embryonic tissues
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vestigial organ
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organ that serves no useful function
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