• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/35

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Special Senses
1) Taste
2) Hearing
3) Equilibrium
4) Vision
5) Smell
General Senses
1) Pressure
2) Touch
3) Temperature
4) Vibration
5) Proprioception
6) Pain
Receptive Fields
The area monitored by a single receptor cell, a type of neuron
Dermatomes
Incorporate multiple receptive fields but the receptor cells in on will follow into one spinal nerve
Types of Sensory Receptors
Nocioceptor/Pain
Thermoreceptor/Temperature
Mechanoreceptors/physical distortion
Chemoreceptors/Chemical concentrations
Proprioceptors/Position, purely somatic (not visceral)
1st Order Neuron
First to recieve sensory input, contains the sensory receptor
2nd Order Neuron
Interneuron; located in the spinal cord and/or brain stem
3rd Order Neuron
travels from the OPPOSITE side of thalamus to cortex
Decussion
The crossing of an axon from one side to the other
Posterior Columns Pathway
Senses fine touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception
Spinothalamic (Anterolateral) Pathway
senses crude touch, pressure, pain, and temperature.
Phantom Limb Pain
Even though the limb isn't present patients perceive pain in the missing limb. Neurons can be activated along the anterolateral pathway giving the perception of pain.
Referred Pain
Strong visceral pain sensations enter the spinal cord at a specific spinal segment activating interneurons associated with anterolateral pathway.

Ex) Heart attack felt in left arm
Sensory humunculus
Area of sensory cortex devoted to a particular body region, proportional to the number of sensory receptors.
Spinocerebellar Pathway
Senses position of skeletal muscles, tendons, and joints.
Upper Motor Neuron
Cell body is located in the brain or brainstem. It is the "originator" of conscious movement.
Lower Motor Neuron
Cell body is located in the brainstem or spinal cord. It is the "final" neuron that will carry signals to the muscle to cause movement.
Corticobulbar Neurons
Neurons that travel from the cortex to the brainstem.
Corticospinal Neurons
Neurons that travel from the cortex to the spinal cord.
Corticospinal Pathway
Carries signals for voluntary control over the skeletal muscles.
Motor Homunculus
Area of the primary motor cortex devoted to particular body region, proportional the the number of motor neurons.
Autonomic Nervous System
Maintains homeostatic adjustments without conscious thought
Preganglionic neurons
cell bodies live in the brainstem or spinal cord and travel to the ganglia, where they synapse
Ganglia
A collection of cell bodies outside the CNS
Sympathetic nervous system
Ganglia
Located in "chain" ganglia very close to the vertebral column
Preganglionic neurons are short
Parasympathetic nervous system
Ganglia
Located within or near target organ
Preganglionic neurons are long
Postganglionic neurons
Cell bodies live in the ganglia and the axons travel to the target organ
SNS- long
PNS- short
Domination of SNS
1) Increased mental alertness
2) Increased metabolic rate
3) Mobilization of energy reserves
4)Reduced digestion/urination
5)Increased respiratory rate;dilation of passageways
6)Sweat glands activated
7)Elevation in muscle tone
Alpha-1
Activation constricts blood vessels
Beta-1
Activation increases heart rate
Beta-3
Activation mobilized adipose tissue via lipolysis
G-protein
The membrane receptor is coupled to an enzyme complex
Cranial nerves III, VII, IX, and X
Occulomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus
Domination of the PNS
1) Constriction of pupils
2)Digestive secretions
3)Liver secretions
4)Blood flow changes associated w/ digestion and sexual arousal
5) Co-ordination of defecation
6) Contraction of bladder for urination
7) Constriction of respiratory passages
8)Decreases heart rate
9)Sexual arousal
Autonomic Tone
The levels of both PNS and SNS outflow