Chapter 14: Vesicular Traffic, Secretion, And Endocytosis

Front 1

Progression through the secretory pathway: With permissive temp: the secretory pathway is active and _ of the IMP-GFP can be easily followed. fig 14.2

Back 1

transmission

Front 2

Yeast to genetically define the pathway: there are temp sensitive _ mutations and by alternating the temp to non-permissive then _ is blocked. fig 14.4

Back 2

sec
secretion

Front 3

Progression through the secretory pathway with yeast: _ _ sys complement the yeast analysis. fig 14.5

Back 3

in vitro

Front 4

Vesicle traffic: there is a _ put on proteins to cause vesicle formation and eventually _. There are 6 basic components of coated vesicle: fig 14.6a

Back 4

coat
budding
GTP-binding protein
v-SNARE protein
membrane cargo protein
membrane cargo-receptor protein
coat proteins

Front 5

Vesicle traffic: coat is lost prior to _ with the membrane. fusion is mediated by Inter-membrane proteins called _. There are 2 types: 2 fig 14.6b

Back 5

fusion
SNAREs
v-SNARE-vesicle membrane
t-SNARE- target membrane

Front 6

Secretory Pathway has two major concepts: 2

Back 6

vesicles
cisternal progression

Front 7

Dif coats for dif vesicles: _ control the coat assembly aka small _ _ proteins

Back 7

G-protein
coat protein
GTPase switch

Front 8

Table 14.1
COPII vesicle is used to move from _ to _-_.
COPI vesicle is used to move from _-_ to _.
Clathrin and adapter proteins move _-_ to _ or _ _ to _ etc

Back 8

ER to cis-golgi
cis-golgi to ER
trans-golgi to endosome, PM to endosome

Front 9

Dif coats for dif vesicles: COPII is ER to cis-golgi
_ is the G-protein and _ is the GEF using Ran cycle.
_-_ mediates COPII coat assembly. fig 14.8 after GTP is added to Sar1 and Sec12 a _ _-terminus is exposed

Back 9

Sar1
Sec12
Sar1-GTP
hydrophobic N-

Front 10

Dif coats for dif vesicles: COPII is ER to cis-golgi
_is the GAP which is activated after coat is assembled. When active GAP converts (hydrolysis) _-_ to _-_ <-- medicates coat disassembly. FYI recruitment of _-_, _ _ proteins, and _ _ receptors by coat proteins. fig 14.8

Back 10

Sec23
Sar1-GTP to Sar1-GDP
v-SNARE, membrane cargo, membrane cargo

Front 11

Vesicle fusion: trans-golgi to PM: Along with v-SNARE and t-SNARE, there is a lipid-anchored _-_ on membrane and G-protein aka _ on vesicle. VAMP is the v_SNARE. (_ _ _ _). fig 14.10

Back 11

SNAP-25
Rab
vesicle associated membrane protein

Front 12

Vesicle fusion: fig 14.10
_-_ mediates docking to Rab effector. SNARE complex forms: (3). membranes fuse through _ _ to Rab-GDP,
soluble NSF/alpha-SNAP use _ to disassemble SNARE complexes

Back 12

Rab-GTP
v-SNARE, t-SNARE, SNAP-25
GTP hydrolysis
ATP

Front 13

Vesicle traffic bn rER and cis-Golgi compartments: fig 14.11
2 types of vesicles:
_ - rER to cis-Golgi, _ coated vesicles
_ - cis-golgi to rER, _ coated vesicles

Back 13

anterograde
COPII
retrograde
COPI

Front 14

COPII: rER to Golgi anterograde transport:
COPII= Sec23/Sec24 plus Sec13/Sec31 dimers
_-_ recruits coat dimer via Sec23 and coat dimer binds cargo or receptor (via _). Signal sequence is _ _. fig 14.12

Back 14

Sar1-GTP
Sec24
diacidic tripeptide (DXE)

Front 15

COPI: Golgi to rER retroograde transport: fig 14.13
G-protein for assembly is _-_. Cargo signal sequence is _ for membrane and _ soluble. the path recycles proteins for reuse like with: (3)

Back 15

ARF-GTP
KKXX and KDEL
KDEL receptor, v-SNARE, folding protein

Front 16

transport from cis to medial to trans occurs by _ _ not vesicles. fig 14.17

Back 16

cisternal progression

Front 17

After secretion, protein vesicle is transport to endosomes- _ and _ _ (AP) complexes (3)

Back 17

clarthrin
adaptor protein
AP1, AP3, GGA

Front 18

Overview of Pathway Transport:Anterograde
rER to cis Golgi with _ _
cis to medial to trans golgi with _ _
trans golgi to late endosomes with _ _
trans golgi to lysosomes with _ _

Back 18

COPII vesicles
cisternal progression
clathrin ves.
Ap ves.

Front 19

Overview of Pathway Transport:Retrograde:
cis-golgi to eER with _ _
trans to medial to cis-golgi with _ _
PM to late endosomes with _ _

Back 19

COPI ves.
COPI ves.
clathrin ves.

Front 20

Clathrin coated vesicles: G-protein for assembly: _-_ with hydrolyzes GTP, adpter proteins are (3)
_ or _- trans-golgi to endosome
_- PM to endosome
_- trans-golgi to lysosome and trans-golgi to PM

Back 20

ARF-GTP
AP1 or GGA
AP2
AP3

Front 21

A vesicle formation is complete with _ which forms a ring around the neck of the forming vesicle. _ _ contracts the ring to help with fusion. _ and _ don't use GTPase to pinch off vesicles. fig 14.19

Back 21

dynamin
GTP hydrolysis
COPI and COPII

Front 22

Dynamin is required for pinching off clathrin-coated vesicles. In the presence of GTP-gamma-S, a non-hydrolyzable GTP derivative, dynamin can/cannot pinch off vesicles so it just accumulates around neck. fig 14.20

Back 22

cannot

Front 23

The _ receptor directs proteins to lysosomes. It stands for _- # -_ and is added to _-linked oligosaccharides on some proteins (hydrolytic enzymes) in the _-golgi

Back 23

M6P
mannose-6-phosphate
N-linked
cis-golgi

Front 24

The M6P receptor involves proteins that have specificity recognized by _ _ which is then removed and makes _ a sorting signal. fig 14.21

Back 24

GlcNAc phosphotransferase
M6P

Front 25

The M6P receptor directs proteins to lysosomes. it binds to proteins and is incorporated into _-_-coated vesicles. this occurs in the _-golgi and at the _. After formation, the _ _ disassembles.

Back 25

clathrin-AP
trans-golgi and PM
vesicle coat

Front 26

The M6P receptor directs proteins to lysosomes. Vesicles fuse with late endosomes and the specificity comes from identity of _-_ and _-_. Acidic pH causes _ of M6P receptor and cargo. The receptor is recycles back into the _-golgi

Back 26

v-SNARES
t-SNARES
dissociation
trans-golgi

Front 27

The M6P receptor directs proteins to lysosomes process. fig 17.23
1 _-_ bud forms vesicle
2 coat is _.
3 _ receptor binds with late endosome
4 either protein is sent to _ and M6P receptor is recycled.
5 M6P receptor located on PM collects cargo and forms _-_ _.
6 clathrin-coated vesicle is formed from _-_ _.
7 _ is removed to form late endosome which has a low pH.

Back 27

1clathrin-coated
2removed
3M6P
4lysosome
5clathrin-coated pit
6receptor-mediated endocytosis
7clathrin

Front 28

Some proteins undergo _ _ after leaving the trans-golgi. e.g. proinsulin in budding vesicles and immature secretory vesicles and _ is present in mature vesicles. fig 14.23

Back 28

proteolytic processing
insulin

Front 29

_ require proteolytic cleavage to yield active proteins. for lysosomal proteins, this occurs in _ _ and _. For secreted proteins, this occurs in the immature _ _. With _ _ usually has one N-terminal cleavage site. fig 14-24

Back 29

proproteins
endosomes, lysosomes
secretory vescicles
constitutive secretion

Front 30

Proproteins require proteolytic cleavage to yield active proteins: regulated secretion usually involves _ _. (3) are involved in regulated secretion. fig 14.24

Back 30

multiple cuts
Chromogranin A, Chromogranin B, Secretogranin II

Front 31

Regulated secretion: e.g. synaptic vesicles: vesicles accumulate near _. There is an increase in _ _ that leads to _ _ in specific proteins which then leads to vesicle fusion with PM

Back 31

PM
intracellular Ca+2
conformational changes

Front 32

Sorting proteins to apical or basolateral membranes: most epithelial cell types: _-_ proteins sort to the apical membrane but its not a sorting signal. In thyroid cells, GPI is targeted to _ _. fig 14.25

Back 32

GPI-anchored
basolateral membrane

Front 33

Transcytosis can move ligands across _ _. e.g. delivery of antibodies from mother's milk to baby by _-_ conformational changes.

Back 33

epithelial sheets
pH-mediated

Front 34

fig 14.26 receptor-mediated endocytosis is similar to _ pathway. e.g. uptake of lipoprotein complexes (LDL). receptor and cargo are targeted to _ _. _ _ releases cargo aka acidification and receptor is _.

Back 34

M6P
late endosomes
pH drops
recycled

Front 35

pH-dependent cargo release is mediated by _ _. fig 14.30 e.g. LDL receptor is _. His is _ to change pH.

Back 35

conformational change
ApoB-100
protonated

Front 36

Specialized vesicles deliver cell components to the lysosome for _. Multivesicular pathway fig 14.32

Back 36

degradation

Front 37

Retroviruses apparently use the _ _ to bud from the PM: It uses a _-_ of a specific peripheral membrane proteins to target assembly of _ complex, which leads to vesicle formation. ATP hydrolysis by _ then disassembles complexes. fig 14.34

Back 37

multivesicular pathway
ESCRT
Vsp4

Front 38

Specialized vesicles deliver cell components to the lysosome for degradation: _ _ involves entire organelles like peroxisomes and mitochondria. fig 14.35

Back 38

authophagic pathway