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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Irish Immigrants
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2 million from potato famine mid 1840's
largest group of immigrants between 1830 and Civil Way |
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German Immigrants
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Largest group of immigrants by 1900
mid-west/wisconsin better educated-Kindergarten |
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Nativism
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Anti-foreignism
Nativists hated immigrants, felt overwhelmed |
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Know-Nothing Party
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Advocated rigid restrictions on immigration and naturalization
Sided towards Whigs Violent |
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Samuel Slater
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Father of Factory System
1791 built first efficient cotton-spinning machine in america |
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Eli Whitney first invention
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1793 Cotton Gin
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South's nickname for cotton growing
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King Cotton
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Eli Whitney second invention
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interchangeable parts 1798
muskets for army |
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Elias Howe
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Crude sewing machine in 1846
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Isaac Singer
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Better sewing maching
Manufacturing of clothing went from home to factory |
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Samuel Morse
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telegraph
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Frances Cabot Lowell
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Built first dual-purpose textile plant
Lowell Mills 1814 |
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Lowell farm girls
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Farmer's daughters hired in Lowell mills.
Led to more independence for young women. |
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Why did New England become the center of the Industrial Revolution?
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rocky soil
dense population provides labor force shipping brought in capital seaports made easy imports and exports rapid rivers = abundant power |
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Nation's Breadbasket
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Old Northwest
Ohio-Illinois-Indiana Used Mississippi to feed King Cotton |
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John Deere
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Steel Plow
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Cyrus McCormick
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Mechanical Mower-reaper
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How did farming change?
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From substinence to Large-Scale, cash-crop
bought more land and machinery=debt |
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Transportation Revolution
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Desire of East to tap West's natural resources
Created natoinal market economy. Created regional specialization: West=breadbasket; East=industry; South=cash crops. |
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First Turnpike
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Lancaster Turnpike (1790)
Pennsylvania |
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Who opposed Turnpikes?
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States righters opposed federal aid to local projects.
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National Road
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Cumberland Road (1811)
passed by congress in 1806. became virtual highway to west |
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Major mode of transportation (3 uses)
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Conestoga wagon
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Erie Canal
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1825
Supported entirely by NY Gov. DeWitt Clinton |
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Robert Fulton
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Steamboat 1807
Allowed 2 way travel in all rivers |
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Railroad
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Most significant contribution to transportation.
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East Specialization
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Industrial-most populous
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South Specialization
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Cotton-slavery
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West Specialization
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Breadbasket-Fastest growing population
(because of Transportation) |
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What happened as a result of regional specialization?
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East and West were connected economically
South isolated |
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Division of Labor
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Women's work no longer significant
Stayed at home, the special Woman's sphere |
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Movement of people from ____ areas to ____
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Rural areas --- cities
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Cities led to...
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Social stratification
Rich vs. Poor |
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Immigration
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led to greatest % increase in population
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Pony Express
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1860
carried mail 2000 miles in approx 10 days |