Chapter 14 Terms

Front 1

Free Soil Party

Back 1

political party in the United States active in the 1848. purpose was opposing of slavery into the western territories, arguing that free men on free soil comprised a morally/economically superior system to slavery

Front 2

Fugitive Slave Law

Back 2

Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave holding interests and Northern Free-Soilers. This was one of the most controversial acts

Front 3

Harriet Tubman

Back 3

she made 13 missions to rescue more than 70 slaves using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad

Front 4

Ostend Manifesto

Back 4

Document written in 1854 that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain and implied the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused

Front 5

Kansas Nebraska Act

Back 5

territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries

Front 6

Wilmot Proviso

Back 6

would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War or in the future

Front 7

William Lloyd Garrison

Back 7

was a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer

Front 8

Frederick Douglas

Back 8

was an American social reformer, orator, writer and statesman

Front 9

Popular Sovereignity

Back 9

belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power

Front 10

Underground Railroad

Back 10

informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th-century black slaves in the United States to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists who were sympathetic to their cause

Front 11

Compromise of 1850

Back 11

five bills, passed in September 1850, defusing a four-year confrontation between the slave states of the South and the free states of the North

Front 12

dred scott decision

Back 12

Dred Scott decision, was a ruling by Africans imported into the United States and held as slaves or their descendants were not protected by the Constitution and could never be U.S. citizens

Front 13

panic of 1857

Back 13

financial panic in the United States caused by the declining international economy and overexpansion

Front 14

uncle toms cabin

Back 14

anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe

Front 15

bleeding kansas

Back 15

violent events, involving anti-slavery and pro-slavery elements, that took place in the Kansas Territory

Front 16

crittenden compromise

Back 16

unsuccessful proposal by Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden to resolve the U.S. secession crisis

Front 17

fort sumter

Back 17

surrender of the Union garrison of Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. Garrison commander Anderson refused

Front 18

jefferson davis

Back 18

American statesman and leader of the Confederacy during the American Civil War

Front 19

anaconda plan

Back 19

widely applied to an outline strategy for subduing the seceding states in the American Civil War

Front 20

robert e lee.

Back 20

united states army officer and combat engineer.

Front 21

ulysses s. grant

Back 21

the 18th President of the United States as well as military commander during the Civil War

Front 22

iron clads

Back 22

warship in the early part of the second half of the 19th century, protected by iron or steel armor plates

Front 23

battle of antietam

Back 23

the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil

Front 24

emancipation proclamation

Back 24

issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War under his war powers

Front 25

54th regimen

Back 25

infantry regiment that saw extensive service in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Front 26

morril traffic act 1861

Back 26

American protective tariff law adopted on March 2, 1861 during the Buchanan Administration and signed into law by President James Buchanan

Front 27

homestead act 1862

Back 27

gave an applicant freehold title to up to 160 acres of undeveloped federal land west of the Mississippi River

Front 28

legal tender act 1862

Back 28

cases in the latter part of the nineteenth century that affirmed the constitutionality of paper money

Front 29

pacific railway act 1862

Back 29

series of acts of Congress that promoted the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the United States

Front 30

national bank act 1863

Back 30

two United States federal laws that established a system of national charters for banks

Front 31

battle of vicksburg

Back 31

final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War

Front 32

copperheads

Back 32

vocal group of Democrats in the Northern United States

Front 33

new york draft riots 1863

Back 33

violent disturbances in New York City that were cause by discontent with new laws passed by Congress to draft men to fight in Civil War

Front 34

appomattox

Back 34

final engagement of Confederate States Army General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia before it surrendered to the Union Army

Front 35

trent affair

Back 35

USS San Jacinto, commanded by Union Captain Charles Wilkes, intercepted the British mail packet Trent and removed as contraband of war two Confederate diplomats

Front 36

Battle of Gettysburg

Back 36

The battle with the largest number of casualties in the Civil War it is often described as the war's turning point