Chapter 14 Special Senses Anatomy Eye

Front 1

White portion of the eye. Tough, Fibrous membrane which maitains the shape of the eyeball and serves as a protective covering for the eye.

Back 1

sclera

Front 2

Color portion of the eye.

Back 2

iris

Front 3

Center of the iris.
Controls the amount of light entering the eye, and its diameter is regulated by the relaxing and contracting of the iris.

Back 3

pupil

Front 4

Thin mucous membrane layer that lines the anterior part of the eye, which is exposed to air, and the inner part of the eyelids.

Back 4

conjunctiva

Front 5

Located at the upper outer edge of each eye (under the upper eyelid).
Produces tears.

Back 5

lacrimal gland

Front 6

Antibacterial enzyme which destroys microorganisms.

Back 6

lysozyme

Front 7

Tears drain through this duct.

Back 7

lacrimal duct

Front 8

The lacrimal duct is located at the __________ (inner edge) of the eye.

Back 8

canthus

Front 9

Continuous with the skin and cover the eyeball, keeping the surface of the eyeball lubricated and protected from dust and debris through their blinking motion.

Back 9

Upper and lower eyelids.

Front 10

Located along the edges of the eyelids. Protect the eyeball by prevventing foreign materials and/or insects from coming in contact with the surface of the eyeball.

Back 10

eyelashes

Front 11

A transparent, nonvascular layer covering the colored part of the eye (iris).

Back 11

cornea

Front 12

Located in the vascular middle layer of the eye. Contains 3 structures: iris, ciliary body, suspensory ligaments.

Back 12

choroid

Front 13

Three structures of the choroid.

Back 13

iris
ciliary body
suspensory ligaments

Front 14

Two sets of muscles within the iris.

Back 14

radial muscles
circular muscles

Front 15

Muscles within the iris that dilate the pupil in dim light to allow more light to enter the eye.

Back 15

radial muscles

Front 16

Muscles within the iris that constrict the pupil in bright light to allow less light to enter the eye.

Back 16

circular muscle

Front 17

Posterior to the iris.
Colorless biconvex structure that aids in focusing the images clearly on the sensitive nerve cell layer called the retina.

Back 17

lens

Front 18

Located on each side of the lens.
Contains muscles that are responsible for adjusting the lens to view near objects.

Back 18

ciliary body

Front 19

Radiating from the ciliary body are numerous straight fibrils called _____________ that attach to the lens and hold it in place.

Back 19

suspensory ligaments

Front 20

Ability of the lens to clearly focus on objects at various distances.

Back 20

accommodation

Front 21

Innermost layer of the eye.
Changes the energy of the light rays into nerve impluses.

Back 21

retina

Front 22

Nerve cells which are highly specialized for stimulation by light rays.

Back 22

rods and cones

Front 23

Responsible for visualizing colors, central vision, and vision in bright light.

Back 23

cones

Front 24

Highest concentration of cones is in the ___________, a small depression located within the macula lutea.

Back 24

fovea centralis

Front 25

An oval, yellowish spot near the center of the retina.

Back 25

macula lutea

Front 26

When the image focuses directly on the fovea centralis, the sharpest image is obtained. This is known as _________.

Back 26

central vision

Front 27

Responsible for vision in dim light and for peripheral vision. Located at the outer edges of the retina.

Back 27

rods

Front 28

Impulses from the retina are transmitted through the______ to the brain where they are interpreted as vision.

Back 28

optic nerve

Front 29

Only part of the retina that is insensitive to light because it contains no rods or cones. Also known as the blind spot of the eye.

Back 29

optic disc

Front 30

Two cavities of the interior of the eye.

Back 30

anterior cavity
posterior cavity

Front 31

The anterior cavity contains the _____, located in front of the lens and the _______, lcoated behind the lens.

Back 31

anterior chamber
posterior chamber

Front 32

Clear, watery fluid which fills the anterior & posterior chambers.

Back 32

aqueous humor

Front 33

Clear, jellylike substance found in the posterior cavity that gives shape to the eyeball.

Back 33

vitreous humor

Front 34

Bending of light rays as they pass through the various structures of the eye to produce a clear image on the retina.

Back 34

refraction