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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mental Disorder
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Abnormal behaviour, thoughts and feelings that are maladaptive.
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Criteria for Diagnosis of a mental disorder
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Deviance: violate cultural standards and expectations regarding behaviour.
Maladaptive Behaviour: everyday adaptive behaviour impaired. Personal Distress: subjective reports of pain and suffering. |
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Diathesis (Vulnerability) Stress Model
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Vulnerability with mental illness is realized when stressors exceed coping abilities.
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DSM-IV
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
- Empirical psychological condition assessed along 5 axes - clinical syndromes - personality disorders - general medical conditions - psychosocial and environmental problems - global assessment of functioning |
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Issues of Classification
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Validity: Distinct Illness
Reliability: Consistency of diagnosis. |
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Split Mind
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Fragmentation of thought processes
NOT MULTIPLE PERSONALITY |
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S.D.
Thought disorder |
disorganized, irrational, chaotic, loosening of association.
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Delusions
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Beliefs contrary of facts
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Bizarre behaviour
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inappropriate emotional responses
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Positive Schizo disorders
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Thought disorder, delusions, bizarre behaviour, hallucinations
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Negative Schizo symptoms
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apathy, flattened emotional response, social withdrawal, slowed or no speech, deterioration of routine function.
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Catatonic
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bizarre stationary poses for many hours, or random motor movements.
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paranoid
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delusions of persecution and grandeur,
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Disorganized
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serious thought disturbance, inappropriate emotional responses
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Genetic predisposition of Schizophrenia
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heritability strongly established, polygenic transmission.
Common b/t two sch. parents, two identical twins, |
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Physiological Mechanism
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dopamine hypothesis (positive),
Loss of brain tissue (negative) |
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Mood Disorders:
Unipolar and Bipolar |
Unipolar: emotional extremes at one end of mood continuum. (depression)
Bipolar: Emotional extremes at BOTH ends of mood continuum. (depression and mania) |
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Dysthymic disorder
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Chronic depression that is not as severe as major depressions,
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Cyclothymic disorder
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Resembles bipolar disorder, but much less severe. Peak onset 20-25 years.
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Genetic Predisposition to Depression
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Genetic for bipolar, not so much for regular depression
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Psychological mechanisms of depression
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norepinephrine synapses, depression: decrease in activity mania: Increase in activity.
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Cognitive factors of depression
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roots of depression lie in patterns of attribution.
External: Poor Exam - Unfair exam Internal: Poor Exam - Poor preparation |
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Anxiety Disorders
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Feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety.
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Generalized Anxiety
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Non-specific anxiety, constantly worrying, dread decisions, trembling, dizziness,
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Phobic
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Excessive and unreasonable fear, and anxiety created by a stimulus or situation.
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Agraphobic
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Open spaces
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Social
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Public scrutiny
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Panic Attacks
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overwhelming anxiety occurring suddenly and expectantly.
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Uncontrollable intrusions of unwanted thoughts (obsessions), and urges to engage in senseless rituals (compulsions)
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Somatization
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history of medical complaints, but are psychological.
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Conversion disorder
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loss of physical function for no reason. Partial loss of sight, hearing,
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Hypochondriasis
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excessive preoccupation with concerning health, and developing physical illness. Co-occurs with anxiety and depressive disorders.
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Dissociative Disorders.
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Amnesia: SUDDEN Loss of memory for personal information.
fugue: LIFE LONG loss of memory for personal information |
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Dissociative Identity Disorder
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Multiple personality disorder
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