Chapter 14 Medical Vocabulary

Front 1

Skeletal System

Back 1

Consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments and tendons associated with the bones

Front 2

Primary Function of Skeletal System

Back 2

Support: Providing shape and form of the body

Front 3

Secondary Functions of the Skeletal System

Back 3

Protection of soft body parts
Movement
Blood Cell Formation and Storage

Front 4

Types of bones?

Back 4

Long, Short, Flat, and Irregular

Front 5

Ex. of Long bone

Back 5

Arm, Leg

Front 6

Ex of short bone

Back 6

wrist

Front 7

Ex of flat bone

Back 7

skull

Front 8

Ex of irregular bone

Back 8

Vertebrae

Front 9

What is Red Marrow?

Back 9

Forms RBCs, WBCs, and platelets

Front 10

What is Yellow Marrow?

Back 10

Stores Fats

Front 11

Epiphysis

Back 11

Spongy Bone Tissue

Front 12

Diaphysis

Back 12

Compact bone tissue

Front 13

Medullary cavity

Back 13

contains yellow marrow

Front 14

Periosteum

Back 14

Tough membrane surrounding bone

Front 15

Number of named bones?

Back 15

206

Front 16

Axial Bones

Back 16

Skull, spinal column, breastbone, and ribs

Front 17

Appendicular Bones

Back 17

Bones of extremities, shoulder and pelvic girdles

Front 18

Crani(o)

Back 18

Skull

Front 19

Rach(i), rachi(o), spin(o)

Back 19

vertebral or spinal column

Front 20

Spondyl(o), vertebr(o)

Back 20

vertebrae

Front 21

Cost(o)

Back 21

ribs

Front 22

Stern(o)

Back 22

Breastbone/Sternum

Front 23

Cervic(o)

Back 23

cervical (vertebrae)

Front 24

thorac(o)

Back 24

thoracic (vertabrae)

Front 25

lumb(o)

Back 25

lumbar (vertebrae)

Front 26

sacr(o)

Back 26

sacral (vertebrae)

Front 27

coccyg(o)

Back 27

coccygeal (vertebrae)

Front 28

clavicul(o)

Back 28

clavicle/collarbone

Front 29

scapul(o)

Back 29

scapula/shoulderblade

Front 30

ili(o)

Back 30

Ilium

Front 31

ishi(o)

Back 31

ischium

Front 32

pub(o)

Back 32

Pubis

Front 33

carp(o)

Back 33

carpus/wrist

Front 34

humer(o)

Back 34

humerous/upper arm bone

Front 35

phalang(o)

Back 35

phalanges/fingers

Front 36

radi(o)

Back 36

radius/bone of the forearm

Front 37

uln(o)

Back 37

ulna/bone of the forearm

Front 38

calcane(o)

Back 38

calcaneus/heel bone

Front 39

femor(o)

Back 39

femur/thigh bone

Front 40

fibul(o)

Back 40

fibula/calf bone

Front 41

patell(o)

Back 41

patella/knee cap

Front 42

phalang(o)

Back 42

phalanges/toe

Front 43

tars(o)

Back 43

tarsus/ankle

Front 44

tibi(o)

Back 44

tibia/shin bone

Front 45

Connective tissues

Back 45

characterized by an abundance of intercellular material with relatively few cells, that bind and support other body parts

Front 46

Articul(o), arthr(o)

Back 46

joint

Front 47

Burs(o)

Back 47

Bursa; fluid-filled sac that help reduce friction

Front 48

Synov(o), Synovi(o)

Back 48

synovial joints, freely movable joints

Front 49

Ten(o), tendin(o), tend(o)

Back 49

Tendon

Front 50

Chondr(o)

Back 50

cartilage

Front 51

Skeletal Muscle

Back 51

Responsible for voluntary movement of the body and its part

Front 52

Visceral Muscle

Back 52

Responsible for involuntary movement; found in the walls of organs and blood vessels

Front 53

Cardiac

Back 53

Myocardium, involuntary

Front 54

Muscul(o), my(o)

Back 54

Muscle

Front 55

Range of motion (ROM)

Back 55

maximum amount of movement that a healthy joint is capable of

Front 56

Reflex action

Back 56

immediate involuntary functioning or movement of an organ or body part in response to a particular stimulus

Front 57

Electromyography (EMG)

Back 57

procedures that is used to record the response of a muscle to electrical stimulation

Front 58

Bone marrow examination

Back 58

may include biopsy of the bone, aspiration of bone for microscopic study

Front 59

Arthrocentesis

Back 59

surgical puncture of a joint with a needle, performed to obtain samples of synovial fluid for diagnostic purposes, to remove excess fluid from joints or to administer medication

Front 60

Myalgia

Back 60

Muscular Pain

Front 61

Tenodynia

Back 61

painful tendon

Front 62

Osteochondritis

Back 62

inflammation of cartilage and bone

Front 63

Osteomyelitis

Back 63

Inflammation of bone, including the bone marrow

Front 64

Osteosarcoma

Back 64

malignant primary neoplasm of bone

Front 65

Osteoporosis

Back 65

metabolic disease in which bone mass is reduced, leading to weakened bones and fractures

Front 66

Strain

Back 66

muscular damage

Front 67

Sprains

Back 67

Traumatic injury to the tendons, muscles, or ligaments around a joint

Front 68

Dislocations

Back 68

Displacement of a bone from its joint

Front 69

Fractures

Back 69

Break in a bone

Front 70

Scoliosis

Back 70

abnormal, congenital lateral curvature of spine

Front 71

Lordosis

Back 71

Abnormal, congenital anterior concavity of lumbar spine when viewed from the side

Front 72

Kyphosis

Back 72

Abnormal, congenity anterior convexity in the curvature of the thoracic spine when viewed from the side

Front 73

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Back 73

chronic, progressive, systemic inflammation process that affects primarily synovial joints

Front 74

Systemic scleroderma (sclerosis)

Back 74

“hardening of the skin”; characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, and sclerosis of the skin and vital organs

Front 75

Spondyloarthropathy

Back 75

A group of inflammatory disorders that affects the joints and spine

Front 76

Closed reduction of a fracture?

Back 76

restored without surgary. Ex: Splint, Bandage, Cast, Traction

Front 77

Open reduction of a fracture?

Back 77

restored with surgary.
Internal: pins, rods, plates, etc
External: Metal pins attached to external compression device

Front 78

-clasia

Back 78

break

Front 79

-desia

Back 79

binding, fusion

Front 80

Ostectomy

Back 80

surgical excision of bone

Front 81

Tendoplasty

Back 81

surgical repair of a tendon

Front 82

Spondylosyndesis

Back 82

fixation of an unstable segment of spine by fusion

Front 83

Arthroclasia

Back 83

artificial breaking of an ankylosed joint to provide movement