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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Apex |
The point of maximum impulse, where are the strongest beat can be felt or heard. Bottom of heart. |
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Base |
Top of the heart, where are the great vessels enter and leave the heart. |
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Where is the heart located? |
In the thoracic cavity in the mediastinum. |
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What is the pericardium? |
A double walled set surrounding the heart |
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The outer most layer that also surrounds the heart? |
Fibrous Pericardium |
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Two layers that covers the hearts surface. |
Serous pericardium |
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Lines the inside of the fibrous Pericardium? |
Parietal layer |
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Covers the hearts surface. |
Visceral layer |
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Helps prevent friction as the heart beats? |
Pericardial cavity |
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What are the 3 layers of the heart wall? |
Endocardium Myocardium Epicardium |
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What does the endocardium do within the heart wall? |
Lines the heart's chambers, covers the valves, and continues into the vessels. |
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What are the 4 chambers of the heart? |
Right atrium Right ventricle Left atrium Left ventricle |
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Wall that separates the right and left atria? |
Interatrial septum |
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Wall that separates the right and left ventricles? |
Interventricular septum |
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What are the two upper chambers of the heart? |
Atria |
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What are the two lower chambers of the heart? |
Ventricles |
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What are the four valves of the heart? |
Tricuspid Valve Mitral Valve Pulmonary Valve Aortic Valve |
T.A.M.P. |
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Regulates flow between the atria and the ventricles. |
Atrioventricular Valves |
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Prevents back flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium. |
Tricuspid Valve |
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Prevents backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium . |
Mitral Valve |
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Prevents backflow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle. |
Pulmonary Valve |
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Prevents backflow from the aorta to the left ventricle. |
Aortic Valve |
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Semi - rigid, fibrosis, connective tissue that circles and supports each valve. |
Skeleton of the heart. |
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Deliver oxygenated blood to the myocardium, while cardiac veins collect the deoxygenated blood. |
Coronary arteries |
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Supplies blood to the right atrium, part of the left atrium, most of the right ventricle, and the inferior part of the left ventricle. |
Right coronary artery |
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Supplies blood to the left atrium, most of the left ventricle, and most of the interventricular septum. |
Left coronary artery |
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Contraction that supplies the ventricles with the remaining 30 percent of the blood. |
Atrial kick |
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What are the 2 phases of the cardiac cycle? |
Systole (contraction) Diastole (relaxation) |
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What is the cardiac formula? |
Heartrate(HR)×strokevolume(SV)=cardiac output(CO) |
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What type of blood do arteries carry? |
Oxygenated |
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What type of blood do veins carry? |
Deoxygenated |
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What is the ONLY artery that carries deoxygenated blood? |
Pulmonary artery |
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What is the middle layer of the wall of the heart? |
Myocardium |
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Lies posterior to the heart in the mediastinum. |
Esophagus |
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When the left ventricle contracts, blood is ejected into the... |
Aorta |
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The interventricular septum separates the.... |
Left and right ventricle |
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What happens during systole? |
The aortic and pulmonic valves open |
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What is the heart's primary pacemaker? |
SA Node |
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What is the serous membrane that surrounds the heart? |
Pericardium |
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The volume of blood which is squeezed out of the ventricle with each contraction is the.... |
Stroke volume |
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Which blood vessels returns blood to the heart from the lower half of the body? |
Inferior vena cava |
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Myocardial ischemia can result in... |
Angina pectoris |
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What is a symptom of angina pectoris? |
Pressure or squeezing in the chest |
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The condition in which the ventricle becomes weakened and can not pump blood adequately. |
Congestive heart failure |
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Symptom of congestive heart failure? |
Dyspnea- shortness of breath |
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Name 3 causes of sympathetic stimulation of the heart. |
Increased heart rate Increased force of contraction Increased cardiac output |
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Supplies blood to the myocardium. |
Coronary artery |
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Prevents backflow of blood into the right atrium. |
Chordae tendineae |
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What kind of blood enters the superior vena cava? |
Deoxygenated |
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Describe the blood flow process of the heart. |
1. Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood. 2. Flows through the tricuspid valve into right ventricle. 3. Blood moves up the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary arteries. 4. Receives oxygen from lungs, flows through pulmonary veins back to heart in left atrium. 5. Blood is pumped into left ventricle. 6. Flows through aortic valve into the aorta. Delivering oxygenated blood. |
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Consistent slow heart rate |
Bradycardia |
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Consistent fast heart rate |
Tachycardia |
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What are the three great vessels that come out the base of the heart? |
Pulmonary artery Aorta Superior and inferior vena |
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Separates the left atrium and left ventricle. |
Mitral Valve Aortic Valve |
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Separates the right atrium and right ventricle. |
Tricuspid Valve |
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