Chapter 14 - Developmental Psychology Final

Front 1

Ageism

Back 1

a prejudice where people are categorized and judged based on their age; prejudice against the elderly

Front 2

Elder-speak

Back 2

a condescending way of speaking to older adults; resembles baby talk; loud, patronizing

Front 3

Young-old:

Old-old:

Oldest-old:

Back 3

Young-old: 60-75; largest group; completely independent

Old-old: 75-85; some decline in mind and body, but still very much independent

Oldest-old: over 85; very dependent on others

Front 4

In U.S., what percent of adults are oldest-old? And of those, what percent are in nursing homes/hospitals?

Back 4

10%; 4%

Front 5

Wear and Tear Theory

Back 5

body and mind slowly decline after continuous use

Front 6

Genetic Clock Theory

Back 6

some people have alleles that will allow them to live longer, while some people have alleles that predispose them to diseases

Front 7

Cellular Aging Theory

Back 7

aging affects cells and molecules and their cell replication

Front 8

Haflick Limit

Back 8

on average, human cells can replicated 50 times, and after that, will see signs of aging

Front 9

The aging brain has a __________ in the production of ___________, _______ in the brain starts to thin, and it takes a ________ amount of time to perform and react to tasks.

Back 9

reduction; neurotransmitters; myelin; longer

Front 10

Three things that shrink in the brain with age:

Back 10

Grey matter, Hypothalamus, and Hippocampus

Front 11

3 Types of Information Processing (after age 65):

Back 11

Input (Sensing) - lost of visual acuity, not everything in visual field will be picked up

Memory (Storage) - "source amnesia", forget origin of fact/idea/picture; harder to retrieve memories

Output (Retrieval) - gradual decline in trying to remember things

Front 12

What did Krampe et. al.'s 2011 study show when it came to multi-tasking and memory retrieval?

Back 12

Older adults and children perform worse than young adults when trying to remember something while walking.

Front 13

Primary aging

Back 13

gradual and inevitable process of bodily deterioration

Front 14

Secondary aging

Back 14

specific illnesses/conditions become more common with aging

Front 15

Compression of morbidity

Back 15

shortening of time a person spends ill before death

Front 16

Dementia

Back 16

irreversible loss of intellectual functioning caused by organic brain damage or disease; loss of memory; can't recognize faces/people

Front 17

Mild Cognitive Impairment

Back 17

forgetting title of movie, forgetting restaurant name; normal part of aging

Front 18

Alzheimer Disease

The Stages:

Back 18

most common cause of dementia; no cure

Forgetfulness - forgetting recent events

General confusion and memory deficits - ramble in conversations, mix up words

Memory loss becomes dangerous

Full-time care needed

Mute and unresponsive

Front 19

Death usually comes _____ to ____ years after first sign of Alzheimer's.

Back 19

10 to 15

Front 20

Brain plasticity

Back 20

exercising of the brain to prevent brain loss

Front 21

Erikson's 8th (and Final) Stage of Psychosocial Development

Back 21

Integrity vs. Despair; "did I have a meaningful life?"; wisdom, reflecting back on life; come away with sense of fulfillment or a sense of regret, depending on life's events

Front 22

Final stage of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Back 22

Self-Actualization; characterized by creative, philosophical, and spiritual understanding

Front 23

The Life Review

Back 23

older adults will attempt to connect their life's experiences with future generations, often through story telling

Front 24

Centenarian

Back 24

adult 100 years or older

Front 25

Maximum Life Expectancy

Back 25

oldest possible age that members of a species can life under ideal circumstances

Front 26

Average Life Expectancy

Average Life Expectancy:

for U.S. male newborns?

for U.S. female newborns?

Back 26

number of years the average newborn in a population is likely to live; male - 76 years old; female - 81 years old