Chapter 14

Front 1

Free Soil Party

Back 1

What: opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories, arguing that free men on free soil comprised a morally and economically superior system to slavery
When: 1848 and 1852 presidential elections, and in some state elections
Where: USA
Significance: They opposed slavery in the new territories and sometimes worked to remove existing laws that discriminated against freed African Americans in states such as Ohio.

Front 2

Fugitive Slave Law

Back 2

What: The law stated that in future any federal marshal who did not arrest an alleged runaway slave could be fined $1,000. People suspected of being a runaway slave could be arrested without warrant and turned over to a claimant on nothing more than his sworn testimony of ownership. A suspected black slave could not ask for a jury trial nor testify on his or her behalf.
When: 1850
Where: USA
Significance: because of this, funding for the Underground Railroad was accepted

Front 3

Harriet Tubman

Back 3

Who: an African-American abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union spy during the American Civil War.
When: late 19th century, early 20th century
Where: USA
Significance: used the Underground Railroad to accomplish 13 missions, rescuing more than 70 slaves

Front 4

Ostend Manifesto

Back 4

What: a document written in that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain and implied the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused.
When: 1854
Where: USA
Significance: North was angered that the South was willing to provoke war with Spain to extend more slave holding states. Causing even more Sectionalism in the United States already upon a Civil War.

Front 5

Kansas Nebraska Act

Back 5

What: created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska
When: 1854
Where: Kansas, Nebraska
Significance: opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries.

Front 6

Wilmot Proviso

Back 6

What: would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War or in the future, including the area later known as the Mexican Cession, but which some proponents construed to also include the disputed lands in south Texas and New Mexico east of the Rio Grande
When: 1840s
Where: USA
Significance: led to the Compromise of 1850

Front 7

William Lloyd Garrison

Back 7

Who: a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer
When: mid 19th century
Where: USA
Significance: he editor of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, and as one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society, he promoted "immediate emancipation" of slaves in the United States. Garrison was also a prominent voice for the women's suffrage movement.

Front 8

Frederick Douglass

Back 8

Who: an American social reformer, orator, writer and statesman
When: 19th century
Where: USA
Significance: an American social reformer, orator, writer and statesman. He became a major speaker for the cause of abolition.

Front 9

Popular Sovereignty

Back 9

the belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power

Front 10

Underground Railroad

Back 10

What: an informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th-century black slaves in the United States to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists who were sympathetic to their cause
When: at its height between 1850 and 1860
Where: USA
Significance: helped slaves escape

Front 11

Compromise of 1850

Back 11

states below 36°30' are slave states and states above it are free states. 1850. increased tension between the North and the South

Front 12

Dred Scott Decision

Back 12

What: Supreme Court's decision against Dred Scott, a slave who maintained he had been emancipated as a result of having lived with his master in the free state of Illinois and in federal territory where slavery was forbidden by the Missouri Compromise.
When: March 6, 1857
Where: St. Louis' Old Courthouse
Significance: The decision declared that Congress had no power to prohibit slavery in the federal territories, thereby striking a severe blow at the legitimacy of the emerging Republican party and intensifying the sectional conflict over slavery.

Front 13

Panic of 1857

Back 13

What: was a financial panic in the United States caused by the declining international economy and overexpansion of the domestic economy.
When: 1857-1859
Where: USA
Significance: the southern economy suffered little whereas the northern economy made a slow recovery. encouraged the southern idea that the north needed the south to keep a stabilized economy and southern threats of secession were temporarily quelled. Southerners believed the Panic of 1857 made the north “more amenable to southern demands” which would help to keep slavery alive in the United States

Front 14

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Back 14

What: an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe.
When: 1852
Where: USA
Significance: the novel "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War"

Front 15

Bleeding Kansas

Back 15

What: was a series of violent events, involving anti-slavery Free-Staters and pro-slavery "Border Ruffian" elements
When: between 1854 and 1858
Where: Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of the U.S. state of Missouri
Significance: question of whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free state or slave state. As such, Bleeding Kansas was a proxy war between Northerners and Southerners over the issue of slavery in the United States. Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which nullified the Missouri Compromise and instead implemented the concept of popular sovereignty.

Front 16

Crittenden Compromise

Back 16

What: an unsuccessful proposal by Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden consisted of a preamble, six (proposed) constitutional amendments, and four (proposed) Congressional resolutions.
When: December 18, 1860
Where: USA
Significance: attempt to resolve the U.S. secession crisis of 1860–1861 by addressing the concerns that led the states in the Deep South of the United States to contemplate secession from the United States.

Front 17

Fort Sumter

Back 17

When: 19th century
Where: Charleston harbor, South Carolina.
Significance: site upon which the shots initiating the American Civil War were fired, at the Battle of Fort Sumter.

Front 18

Jefferson Davis

Back 18

Who: was an American statesman and leader of the Confederacy during the American Civil War
When: 19th century
Where: USA
Significance: served as the President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history.

Front 19

Anaconda Plan

Back 19

What: the name widely applied to an outline strategy for subduing the seceding states in the American Civil War.
When: mid 19th century
Where: Confederate States
Significance: emphasized the blockade of the Southern ports, and called for an advance down the Mississippi River to cut the South in two.

Front 20

Robert E. Lee

Back 20

Who: a career United States Army officer and combat engineer.
When: 19th century
Where: USA
Significance: He became the commanding general of the Confederate army in the American Civil War and a postwar icon of the South's "lost cause".

Front 21

Ulysses S. Grant

Back 21

Who: was the 18th President of the United States as well as military commander during the Civil War and post-war Reconstruction periods.
When: 19th century
Where: USA
Significance: defeated the Confederate military and ended the Confederate States of America

Front 22

Ironclads

Back 22

a steam-propelled warship in the early part of the second half of the 19th century, protected by iron or steel armor plates.

Front 23

Battle of Antietam

Back 23

What: the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil.
When: September 17, 1862
Where: Sharpsburg, Maryland
Significance: It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, and Union loss boosted Confederacy's morale

Front 24

Emancipation Proclamation

Back 24

What: an executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War under his war powers.
When: January 1, 1863
Where: USA/Confederacy
Significance: It proclaimed the freedom of 3.1 million of the nation's 4 million slaves, and immediately freed 50,000 of them, with the rest freed as Union armies advanced

Front 25

54th Regiment

Back 25

An infantry regiment that saw extensive service in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was one of the first official black units in the United States during the Civil War. fought in Battle of Grimball's Landing and Second Battle of Fort Wagner. March 13, 1863 to August 4, 1865

Front 26

Morril Tariff Act 1861

Back 26

What:
When:
Where:
Significance:

Front 27

Homestead Act 1862

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What:
When:
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Significance:

Front 28

Legal Tender Act 1862

Back 28

What:
When:
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Front 29

Pacific Railway Act 1862

Back 29

What:
When:
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Front 30

National Bank Act 1863

Back 30

What: two United States federal laws that established a system of national charters for banks, the United States national banks.
When: February 25, 1863
Where: USA
Significance: They encouraged development of a national currency based on bank holdings of U.S. Treasury securities, the so-called National Bank Notes ("greenbacks") and established the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency as part of the Department of the Treasury and authorized the Comptroller to examine and regulate nationally-chartered banks.

Front 31

Battle of Vicksburg

Back 31

What: drove the Confederate army into the defensive lines surrounding the fortress city of Vicksburg, Mississippi.
When: May 18 – July 4, 1863
Where: Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Significance: yielded command of the Mississippi River to the Union forces, who would hold it for the rest of the conflict.

Front 32

Battle of Gettysburg

Back 32

What: he battle with the largest number of casualties in the American Civil War
When: July 1–3, 1863
Where: Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
Significance: the war's turning point. ended Lee's invasion of the North

Front 33

Copperheads

Back 33

Who: were a vocal group of Democrats in the Northern United States who opposed the American Civil War, wanting an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates.
When: 19th century
Where: USA
Significance: hey wanted President Lincoln and the Republicans ousted from power, seeing the president as a tyrant who was destroying American republican values with his despotic and arbitrary actions.

Some Copperheads tried to persuade Union soldiers to desert. They talked of helping Confederate prisoners of war seize their camps and escape. They sometimes met with Confederate agents and took money. The Confederacy encouraged their activities whenever possible

Front 34

New York Draft Riots 1863

Back 34

What: were violent disturbances in New York City that were the culmination of discontent with new laws passed by Congress to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War.
When: July 13 to July 16, 1863
Where: New York
Significance: The riots were the largest civil insurrection in American history apart from the Civil War itself.

Front 35

Appomattox

Back 35

What: a courthouse
When: 19th century
Where: Appomattox, Virginia
Significance: Where the Confederacy surrendered to the Union

Front 36

Trent Affair

Back 36

What: was an international diplomatic incident that occurred during the American Civil War.
When: November 8, 1861
Where: USA
Significance: Confederates tried to persuade Britain to join them. British neutrality.

Front 37

is this the krusty krab?

Back 37

no, this is patrick

.... hahaha thank u!!! (elena)