Chapter 14

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free soil party

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The Free Soil Party was a short-lived political party in the United States active in the 1848 and 1852 presidential elections, and in some state elections. It was a third party that largely appealed to and drew its greatest strength from New York State. The party leadership consisted of former anti-slavery

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fugitive law

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was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave holding interests and Northern Free-Soilers. This was one of the most controversial acts of the 1850 compromise and heightened Northern fears of a 'slave power conspiracy'. It declared that all runaway slaves be brought back to their masters. Abolitionists nicknamed it the "Bloodhound Law" for the dogs that were used to track down runaway slaves fugif

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Harriet Tubman

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Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross; c. 1820 or 1821 – March 10, 1913) was an African-American abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union spy during the American Civil War. After escaping from slavery, into which she was born, she made thirteen missions to rescue more than 70 slaves

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Ostend Manifesto

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The Ostend Manifesto was a document written in 1854 that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain and implied the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused

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Kansas Nebraska act

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created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries.

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Wilmot Proviso

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The Wilmot Proviso, one of the major events leading to the Civil War, would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War

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William Loyd Garrisson

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one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society, he promoted "immediate emancipation" of slaves in the United States. Garrison was also a prominent voice for the women's suffrage movement.

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Fredrrick Douglas

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leader of the abolitionist movement, gaining renown for his dazzling oratory and incisive antislavery writing.

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Popular Sovereinghnity

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belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power.

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Underground railroad

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informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th-century black slaves in the United States to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists who were sympathetic to their cause

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comprise of 1850

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package of five bills, passed in September 1850, defusing a four-year confrontation between the slave states of the South and the free states of the North

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dred scott decision

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that people of African descent imported into the United States and held as slaves or their descendants, whether or not they were slaves

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panic of 1857

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financial panic in the United States caused by the declining international economy and over expansion of the domestic economy.

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uncle tom's cabin

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its a book based upon mischievous horrifying horrific scary and scary and hundredfolds.

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bleeding kansas

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was a series of violent events, involving anti-slavery Free-Staters and pro-slavery "Border Ruffian" elements, that took place in the Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of the U.S. state of Missouri roughly between 1854 and 1858.

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crittenden compromise

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by Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden to resolve the U.S. secession crisis of 1860–1861 by addressing the concerns that led the states in the Deep South of the United States to contemplate secession from the United States.

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fort sumter

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The fort is best known as the site upon which the shots initiating the American Civil War were fired, at the Battle of Fort Sumter.

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jefferson davis

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Davis fought in the Mexican-American War as a colonel of a volunteer regiment, and was the United States Secretary of War under President Franklin Pierce.

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anaconda plan

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Proposed by General-in-Chief Winfield Scott, the plan emphasized the blockade of the Southern ports, and called for an advance down the Mississippi River to cut the South in two

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robert e lee

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n early 1861, President Abraham Lincoln invited Lee to take command of the entire Union Army commanded the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War.

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ulysses s. grant

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Under Grant's command, the Union Army defeated the Confederate military and ended the Confederate States of America.

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iron clads

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An ironclad was a steam-propelled warship in the early part of the second half of the 19th century, protected by iron or steel armor plates.

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battle of antietam

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was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with about 23,000 casualties

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emancipation proclamation

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issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War under his war powers. It proclaimed the freedom of 3.1 million of the nation's 4 million slaves, and immediately freed 50,000 of them, with the rest freed as Union armies advanced.

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54th regiment

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was an infantry regiment that saw extensive service in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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morril tariff act 1861

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Passage was possible because many low-tariff Southerners had left Congress after their states declared their secession.

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homestead act 1852

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ne of two United States federal laws that gave an applicant freehold title to up to 160 acres (65 hectares or one-fourth section) of undeveloped federal land west of the Mississippi River.

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legal tender act 1862

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were a series of United States Supreme Court cases in the latter part of the nineteenth century that affirmed the constitutionality of paper money.

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national bank act 1863

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were two United States federal laws that established a system of national charters for banks, the United States national banks.

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battle of vicksburg

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Ulysses S. Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed the Mississippi River and drove the Confederate army of Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton into the defensive lines surrounding the fortress city of Vicksburg, Mississippi.

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battle of gettysburg

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was fought July 1–3, 1863, in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The battle with the largest number of casualties in the American Civil War

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copperheads

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Northern Peace Democrats who opposed the American Civil War, wanting an immediate peace settlement, named after the pins made out of pennies they wore on their lapels.

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appomattox

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1865, was the final engagement of Confederate States Army General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia before it surrendered to the Union Army under Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant

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trent afair

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commanded by Union Captain Charles Wilkes, intercepted the British mail packet Trent and removed as contraband of war two Confederate diplomats,

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pacific railway act 1862

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were a series of acts of Congress that promoted the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the United States through authorizing the issuance of government bonds and the grants of land to railroad companies.

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national bank 1863

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were two United States federal laws that established a system of national charters for banks, the United States national banks.